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Натурализация видов рода acer L. в Ботаническом саду ЮФУ

Натурализация видов рода acer L. в Ботаническом саду ЮФУ

Abstract

Приведены результаты изучения эколого-биологических свойств 3 аборигенных и 9 адвентивных видов рода Acer L. в Ботаническом саду Южного федерального университета. Наблюдавшиеся виды являются устойчивыми в региональных условиях, имеют высокую семенную репродуктивность. В генеративную фазу виды вступают на 8-12 годы жизни. Их семена имеют высокую всхожесть (40 80 %), сеянцы в оптимальных условиях развиваются быстро. Самосев видов приурочен к определенным местообитаниям. Из всех видов только A. negundo является убиквистом. По степени натурализации изученные виды распределены следующим образом: A. negundo агриофит; A. ginnala, A. pseudoplatanus и A. ginnala var. aidzuense эпёкофиты; A. truncatum, A. divergens и A. ibericum колонофиты. Остаются эфемерофитами: A. velutinum на протяжении 12 лет и A. pubescens 19 лет. При этом существует вероятность, что при попадании в пойменные леса Ростовской области A. ginnala, A. pseudoplatanus и A. ginnala var. aidzuense могут перейти в разряд агриофитов. При определенных условиях экзоты могут образовывать гибриды с аборигенными видами, например: A. platanoides × A. truncatum. Для данного гибрида отмечен эффект гетерозиса более быстрое прохождение начальных стадий онтогенеза и раннее вступление в генеративную фазу по сравнению с родительскими видами.

The article presents the results of a study of ecological and biological properties of 3 native and 9 alien plants Acer L. in the Botanical Garden of Southern Federal University. Observed species are stable in our environment and have high seed fertility. Generative phase begins in 8 12 years. Seedlings under optimal conditions are developing rapidly, and self-seeding is confined to a few disturbed habitats. Of all the species, only A.negundo recorded in all ecotopes. According to the degree of naturalization, explored species are distributed as follows: A. negundo agriophyte; A. ginnala, A. pseudoplatanus, A. ginnala var. aidzuense epekophytes; A. truncatum, A. divergens, A. ibericum kolonophytes; A. velutinum, A. pubescens eufemerophytes (the first one for 12 years, the second one for 19 years). It is likely that A. ginnala, A. pseudoplatanus, A. ginnala var. aidzuense, when released into the floodplain forests of the Rostov region, can move into the category of agriophytes. Under certain conditions, exots can form hybrids with native species, for example, A. platanoides × A. truncatum. For this hybrid the heterosis effect can occur, i.e. more rapid passage of the initial stages of ontogeny and early entry into the generative phase, compared with the parental species.

Keywords

ВИД АДВЕНТИВНЫЙ, ВИД АБОРИГЕННЫЙ, НАТУРАЛИЗАЦИЯ, ЭКОЛОГО-БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА, ВОЗРАСТНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ, АГРИОФИТ, ЭПЁКОФИТ, КОЛОНОФИТ, ЭФЕМЕРОФИТ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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