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Компетенция и компетентность: проблемы профессиональной подготовки

Компетенция и компетентность: проблемы профессиональной подготовки

Abstract

В статье рассматривается сущность компетентностной модели высшего профессионального образования в России. Акцентируется внимание на то, что в целях создания единого европейского пространства высшего образования в рамках Болонского процесса были разработаны квалификационные требования к выпускникам, которые выражаются в понятиях «компетенция» и «компетентность». Анализируются существующие в специальных исследованиях подходы к определению понятий компетенция и компетентность, доказывается их нетождественность. Компетенция является базисом для формирования и развития компетентности. Компетенция формируется в целенаправленном процессе образования. Освоение составляющих отдельной компетенции происходит постепенно, посредством специально организуемых интегральных образовательных пространств. Компетенция это, в первую очередь, объективные требования, предъявляемые к профессионально-личностному уровню человека, выполняющего определенный вид деятельности, это умение субъекта выполнять действия и функции определенного вида деятельности, основанное на необходимых знаниях, навыках, личностных качествах и ценностных ориентациях. Компетентность это категория, характеризующая степень овладения конкретным человеком теми или иными компетенциями. Понятия компетенция и компетентность рассматриваются в аспекте гуманистического подхода к образованию, целью которого является формирование и развитие личности обучающегося. Обоснована необходимость формирования компетенций и компетентностей как важнейших составляющих квалификационной характеристики современного выпускника вуза.

In article the essence of competence-based model of higher education in Russia is considered. The attention that for creation of uniform European space of the higher education within Bologna Process qualification requirements to graduates which are expressed in concepts competence and competence were developed is focused. Approaches existing in special researches to definition of concepts competency and competence are analyzed, their nonidentity is proved. Competency is basis for formation and competence development. Competency is formed in purposeful process of education. Development of components of separate competency happens gradually, by means of specially organized integrated educational spaces. Competency is, first of all, the objective requirements imposed to professional personally level of the person, carrying out a certain kind of activity, this ability of the subject to carry out actions and functions of the certain kind of activity, based on necessary knowledge, skills, personal qualities and valuable orientations. Competence is the category characterizing extent of mastering the specific person by these or those competences. Concepts competency and competence are considered in aspect of humanistic approach to the education which purpose is formation and development of the personality being trained. Need of formation of competences and competence as most important components of the qualification characteristic of the modern university graduate is proved.

Keywords

МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ, ЛИЧНОСТНО-ДЕЯ-ТЕЛЬНОСТНЫЙ ПОДХОД, КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ, КОМПЕТЕНЦИЯ, КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТЬ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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