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Необъявленный кризис в образовании и воспитание граждан мира. Рецензия на книгу: Нуссбаум М. Не ради прибыли: зачем демократии нужны гуманитарные науки. М. : изд. Дом высшей школы экономики, 2014

Необъявленный кризис в образовании и воспитание граждан мира. Рецензия на книгу: Нуссбаум М. Не ради прибыли: зачем демократии нужны гуманитарные науки. М. : изд. Дом высшей школы экономики, 2014

Abstract

Книга известного американского философа Марты Нуссбаум составная часть серии публикаций автора в защиту гуманитарных наук и искусств. Представления автора об упадке демократического образования в современном мире разделяют многие эксперты. Он проявляется в засилье тестирования и мониторингов, сокращении учебных мест на программах по философии, перераспределении средств в пользу естественнонаучных и инженерных вузов. Автор отстаивает идею образования для воспитания граждан мира и проводит различение между образованием ради прибыли и демократическим образованием. На место старой модели общественного развития, опирающейся на логику экономического роста, должна прийти новая модель, основанная на развитии человеческого потенциала. Воспитание граждан демократических государств ставит своей целью выработку у них критического мышления и способности смотреть на мир с точки зрения других людей и сочувствовать им. Раскрываются основные принципы так называемой сократической педагогики, которая, по мнению Нуссбаум, становится центральной практикой гуманитарного образования в западной культуре. Такая практика приводит учащихся к необходимости самостоятельно думать и аргументированно спорить, не опираясь на общепринятое или авторитетное мнение.

The book by the famous American philosopher Martha Nussbaum is part of a series of publications in support of humanities and arts. A lot of experts share the author's idea of decay in contemporary democratic education. This is manifested in excessive amount of testing and monitoring, in a drop in university places for philosophy students, in reallocation of funds in favor of natural science and engineering higher education institutions. This paper advocates education designed to bring up citizens of the world and distinguishes between education for profit and democratic education. The existing economic growthbased model of social development should be replaced with a new model based on development of human potential. Bringing up citizens of democratic states aims to develop critical thinking and enable the citizens to see other people's viewpoints and to understand them. The paper also unfolds the key principles of the so called Socratic pedagogy, which Nussbaum believes to become the central practice of humanitarian education in Western culture. The practice makes people think independently and argue without falling back on weighty or generally accepted opinions.

Keywords

ГУМАНИТАРНОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ, ДЕМОКРАТИЧЕСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ, СОКРАТИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕДАГОГИКА, ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ

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    popularity
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold