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ВЛИЯНИЕ МАТРИКАЛЬНОЙ РАЗНОКАЧЕСТВЕННОСТИ СЕМЯН ОГУРЦА НА ИХ ПОСЕВНЫЕ И УРОЖАЙНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА

ВЛИЯНИЕ МАТРИКАЛЬНОЙ РАЗНОКАЧЕСТВЕННОСТИ СЕМЯН ОГУРЦА НА ИХ ПОСЕВНЫЕ И УРОЖАЙНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА

Abstract

New vegetable varieties’ successful introduction into production depends on the develop-ment of seed growing. In order to have enough cucumber seeds of any varieties for every year you should have an elaborated system of seed production. During the process of regeneration the varietal qualities of seeds, being under environment factors, may be devalued unless we take an active seed growing in order to provide the conditions for implementing seed varietal features and secure pro-ductive potential. Different value of sowing material is determined for many crops depending on the location of the collective fruit, fruit and seed on the maternal plant. Cucumber is one of the main vege-table crops cultivated in the Far Eastern Zone. The priority role here belongs to the varieties selected by the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture. The article presents information about the nature of setting seed fruits on the plants of the new variety of cucumber Amurchonok. The variety is included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation in 2014. The variety was obtained at the Far Eastern Research Institute of Agriculture in 2012 and de-signed for cultivation in the open grounds of the kitchen gardens, household plots and small farms. The variety is mid-ripening, bee pollinated (mellittophilae), of universal usage. The fruit-ing comes in 43-47 days after full shoots appears. The authors made the analysis of dependence of the seed fruit location on the maternal plant on the sowing qualities of the seeds and their crop capacity for future generations. It was established that seed fruit location on the maternal plant (maternal quality difference) did not have much influence on the output and quality of the cucumber seeds. The sowing qualities of the seeds conform with the requirements of the 1st Class. The seeds of higher crop capacity were obtained from the fruits of later period of setting. General crop yield of cornichons here was higher by 0,77-2,76 t/ha, and by 0,30 – 2,22 t/ha than in case of sowing seeds of seed fruits that set in earlier periods.

Успешное внедрение в производство новых сортов овощных культур зависит от уровня развития семеноводства. Чтобы ежегодно иметь в достатке семена любых сортов огурца, должна быть хорошо продуманная система их производства. Сортовые свойства семян в процессе воспроизводства, подвергаясь воздействию факторов внеш-ней среды, могут обесцениваться, если не вести активное семеноводство, цель кото-рого состоит в обеспечении условий, способствующих реализации сортовых особенно-стей семян и сохранению продуктивного потенциала. В отношении многих культур установлена различная ценность посевного материала в зависимости от местополо-жения соплодия, плода и семени на материнском растении [1]. Огурец – одна из основ-ных овощных культур, выращиваемых в Дальневосточной зоне. Приоритетная роль здесь принадлежит сортам селекции ДВ НИИСХ. В статье приведены данные о характере завязывания семенных плодов на растениях нового сорта огурца Амурчонок, вне-сенного в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ в 2014 году. Сорт создан в ДВ НИИСХ в 2012 году, предназначен для возделывания в открытом грунте на садово-огородных и приусадебных участках и мелких фермерских хозяйствах. Сорт среднеспелый, пчелоопыляемый, универсального использования. Плодоношение насту-пает через 43-47 дней после появления полных всходов. Проведен анализ влияния ме-стоположения семенного плода на материнском растении на посевные качества се-мян и их урожайные свойства в потомстве. Установлено, что месторасположение семенных плодов на материнском растении (матрикальная разнокачественность) не оказало существенного влияния на выход и качество семян огурца. Посевные качества семян отвечали требованиям I класса. Более высокими урожайными свойствами ха-рактеризовались семена, полученные из плодов более поздних сроков завязывания. Об-щий урожай зеленца здесь оказался на 0,77 – 2,76 т/га, а товарный – на 0,3 – 2,22 т/га выше, чем при посеве семенами из семенников, завязавшихся в более ранние сроки.

Keywords

РАЗНОКАЧЕСТВЕННОСТЬ СЕМЯН, ПОСВЕНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА СЕМЯН, ОГУРЕЦ, СОРТ ОГУРЦА АМУРЧОНОК, ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ ПОТОМСТВА

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze
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