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Современные тенденции рынка сои в мире и России

Современные тенденции рынка сои в мире и России

Abstract

В сырьевых ресурсах мирового производства растительных масел соя занимает первое место среди всех масличных культур, а по сборам белка лидирует среди зерновых и зернобобовых культур. Она выращивается на всех континентах более чем в 90 странах мира. Исторически сложилось, что лидером по производству сои являются США, второе место заслуженно занимает Бразилия. Суммарный объем производства культуры в этих странах составляет две трети мирового итога. На фоне роста валового производства наблюдается устойчивая тенденция увеличения мирового экспорта сои. Лидерами по объемам экспорта наряду с США и Бразилией является Канада. Россия по объемам экспорта сои заняла только десятое место. Основным импортером сои стабильно является Китай, на его долю приходится 63,3 % от мирового объема импорта. В пятерку крупнейших стран-импортеров также входят Мексика, Япония и Индонезия. В России за период с 2000 по 2015 гг. объем импорта увеличился с 65 тыс. т до 2,05 млн т, или в 31,5 раз. Наращивание объемов свидетельствует о дефиците растительного белка. При этом Россия обладает существенными возможностями развития соевой отрасли. Рост производства сои может быть достигнут как за счет интенсивных, так и экстенсивных составляющих производства культуры.

Soybean seeds have the first rank among all oil crops world oil production, and it is a leader on protein yields among grain and grain-legumes crops. Soybean is cultivated on all continents more than in 0 countries. It is historically turned out that the leader in soybean production is USA, second country is Brazil. The total amount of these crop production in these countries presents two-thirds of world one. While total output is increased, the stable tendency of world soybean export increase is progressed. There are three leaders in soybean export – USA, Brazil, and Canada, respectively. Russia in this list is only tenth. The main soybean importer is China, it contains . % of the world import. A quintuple of the greatest countriesimporters are also included Mexico, Japan, and Indonesia. For the period 2000–201 soybean import in Russia has been increased from ths. ton to 2.0 mln t, or on 1. times. Enlarging of import amounts certifies deficit of plant protein. But nevertheless, Russia has significant possibilities to develop soybean production. The growth of this industry can be reached both by intensive and extensive technologies of the crop production.

Keywords

соя, производство, мировой рынок, экспортно-импортный потенциал

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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