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Исследование нутритивного статуса пациентов ХОБЛ с помощью методов антропометрии и биоимпедансометрии

Исследование нутритивного статуса пациентов ХОБЛ с помощью методов антропометрии и биоимпедансометрии

Abstract

Malnutrition relates to clear and frequent manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COLD) which affects a frequency of exacerbations, indices of external respiration and quality of patients’ life. The purpose of the study is to evaluate a condition of nutritive status of COLD patients by using the methods of anthropometry and bioimpedancemetry from a comparative standpoint. 60 patients with I, II and III stages of COLD have been examined. In accordance with the findings obtained, a body mass index (BMI) is reduced at II and III stage of COLD in comparison with a test group. Loss in muscular component or lean body mass (LBM) occurs at I stage of COLD, the most significant reduction in LBM is found at III stage of disease. By comparison of the two diagnostic methods any reliable differences in the indices of BMI and LBM in the general group of COLD patients and at various stages of disease are not found. When separating the examined patients into groups with normal, reduced and increased body mass there are established significant differences in the indices of LBM in the group of patients with BMI >25 kg/m2. The said group has lower indices of LBM by bioimpedancemetry method in comparison with anthropometry method. Correspondingly, the method of bioelectrical impedance may be recommended for more exact evaluation and early disease detection of protein-energy deficiency in COLD patients with BMI > 25kg/m2.

Недостаточность питания относится к ярким и частым проявлениям хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ), которая влияет на частоту обострений, показатели внешнего дыхания и качество жизни пациентов. Целью исследования является оценка состояния нутритивного статуса пациентов ХОБЛ с помощью методов антропометрии и биоимпедансметрии в сравнительном аспекте. Обследовано 60 пациентов с I, II и III стадиями ХОБЛ. Согласно полученным результатам исследования установлено снижение индекса массы тела (ИМТ) при II и III стадии ХОБЛ по сравнению с контрольной группой. Потеря мышечного компонента или тощей массы тела (ТМТ), происходит уже при I стадии ХОБЛ, наиболее значимое снижение ТМТ, установлено при III стадии заболевания. При сравнении двух методов диагностики достоверных различий в показателях ИМТ и ТМТ в общей группе пациентов ХОБЛ и при различных стадиях заболевания не установлено. При разделении обследованных на группы с нормальным, сниженным и повышенным индексом массы тела, установлены достоверные различия в показателях ТМТ в группе пациентов с ИМТ >25 кг/м2. В указанной группе методом биоимпедансометрии более низкие показатели ТМТ по сравнению с методом антропометрии. Соответственно метод биоэлектрического импеданса, может быть рекомендован для более точной оценки и ранней диагностики белково-энергетической недостаточности у пациентов ХОБЛ с ИМТ>25кг/м2.

Keywords

ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ ОБСТРУКТИВНАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ ЛЕГКИХ, ПИТАТЕЛЬНАЯ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТЬ, МЕТОД АНТРОПОМЕТРИИ, МЕТОД БИОИМПЕДАНСОМЕТРИИ

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    popularity
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold