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Компетентностный подход в преподавании фундаментальных дисциплин в медицинском вузе

Компетентностный подход в преподавании фундаментальных дисциплин в медицинском вузе

Abstract

The aim of the study is to analyze the features of the competence approach application in the theoretical and natural science subjects' teaching in medical school. Methods. The method of expert estimation is used in order to find out main tendencies and problems arising in the course of professional competencies development. The implementation of problem-oriented method in fundamental disciplines' teaching is applied. Results. The effect of the competence approach on educational process is shown in the teaching experience of pathological anatomy and statistics. The problems and complicating factors faced by teacher are identified. The basic approaches facilitating the development of professional competencies based on a fixed time allotted for studying a particular discipline are proposed. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The proposed approaches and practical recommendations will enable to form more efficiently the competences in fundamental disciplines. The implementation of competence approach in teaching the fundamental science subjects requires adjustments of substantial and methodological levels of training including the active use of information technologies and a substantial increase in the role of seminars and self-studies. The advantage of the proposed approaches concludes in their universality: with some adjustment, they can be used in teaching other subjects, regardless of the specifics and the type of educational institution.

Цель статьи анализ особенностей применения компетентностного подхода в преподавании теоретических и естественнонаучных дисциплин в медицинском вузе. Методы. При выявлении основных тенденций и проблем, возникающих при выработке профессиональных компетенций, использовалась экспертная оценка. Для формирования компетенций по фундаментальным дисциплинам применялся проблемно-ориентированный подход к обучению. Результаты. Показано влияние компетентностного подхода на учебный процесс на примере подготовки по дисциплинам «Патологическая анатомия» и «Статистика». Описаны проблемы, возникающие у преподавателя, и факторы, осложняющие обучение. Предложены возможные варианты выработки профессиональных компетенций с учетом фиксированного времени, отпущенного на изучение конкретной дисциплины. Научная новизна и практическая значимость. Предложенные подходы и практические рекомендации позволят более эффективно формировать компетенции по фундаментальным дисциплинам. Реализация компетентностного подхода в преподавании теоретических и естественнонаучных дисциплин требует корректировки содержательного и методического уровней обучения с активным использованием информационных технологий и существенным повышением роли практических и самостоятельных занятий. Достоинство предлагаемых подходов заключается в их универсальности: при определенной адаптации они могут быть использованы для обучения другим дисциплинам независимо от специфики и вида образовательного учреждения.

Keywords

ПРЕПОДАВАНИЕ,КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ,ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ И ЕСТЕСТВЕННОНАУЧНЫЕ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ,МЕДИЦИНСКИЙ ВУЗ,ПРОБЛЕМНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД,TEACHING,COMPETENCES,THEORETICAL AND NATURAL SCIENCE SUBJECTS,MEDICAL UNIVERSITY,PROBLEM-ORIENTED METHOD

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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