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Агролесомелиорация в условиях адаптивно – ландшафтного земледелия Центрального Черноземья

Агролесомелиорация в условиях адаптивно – ландшафтного земледелия Центрального Черноземья

Abstract

Искусственные линейные насаждения Центрального Черноземья занимают площадь около 500 тыс. га. В породном составе они представлены дубом черешчатым, берёзой повислой, тополем бальзамическим, ясенем обыкновенным и зелёным, вязом мелколистным, акацией белой, клёном остролистным, липой мелколистной и другими. Защитные насаждения сформировались различных структур и различной ветропроницаемости. Лучший рост пород отмечается на чернозёме типичном по сравнению с другими почвенными условиями. Густота посадки, размещение посадочных мест, ширина лесополос также предопределяют их состояние, рост и формирование. В зимнее время насаждения способствуют перераспределению снежного покрова. В течение вегетационного периода лесные полосы в агротерриториях изменяют температуру приземного слоя воздуха, его влажности, температуру поверхностного слоя почвы и её биотические свойства. Лучшими по мелиоративным особенностям являются искусственные насаждения продуваемой и ажурной структуры.

Artificial linear plantations occupy area of about 500 000 ha. in the Central Black Earth Region. Their species composition is represented by english oak, balsam poplar, european and green ash, lacebark elm, black locust, norway maple, small-leaved lime, and other trees. Protective plantations formed various structures and varying wind permeability. Best growth species observed on Black Chernozem compared to other soil conditions. Plantation density, tree planting, width of windbreak also determines their condition, growth and formation. In winter time protective plantations contribute to redistribution of snow cover. During the growing season in agrolandscape windbreak plantations change the temperature of the lowest air layer, its moisture, the temperature of the surface layer of the soil and its biotic properties. Tree plantations of wind-blows and openwork structure are the best for their reclamation features.

Keywords

АБИОТИЧЕСКАЯ И БИОТИЧЕСКАЯ РОЛЬ ПОЛЕЗАЩИТНЫХ ЛЕСОПОЛОС, ИСКУССТВЕННЫЕ ЗАЩИТНЫЕ ЛИНЕЙНЫЕ НАСАЖДЕНИЯ, ЛЕСНОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО, АГРОЛЕСОМЕЛИОРАЦИЯ, ПОЛЕЗАЩИТНОЕ ЛЕСОРАЗВЕДЕНИЕ, ЛЕСНЫЕ НАСАЖДЕНИЯ, ИСКУССТВЕННЫЕ НАСАЖДЕНИЯ, БИОМЕТРИЯ, ТОПОЛЬ БАЛЬЗАМИЧЕСКИЙ, БЕРЕЗА ПОВИСЛАЯ, АГРОЛЕСОЛАНДШАФТЫ, ЯСЕНЬ ОБЫКНОВЕННЫЙ, АГРОЦЕНОЗ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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