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Текст как вклад в научную дискуссию: что такое «Фокус»?

Текст как вклад в научную дискуссию: что такое «Фокус»?

Abstract

В статье представлены ключевые характеристики одного из основных конструктов академического письма, который в западной академической традиции называется «фокус». Особое внимание уделяется формулировке тезиса и его роли в научном тексте, а также логике построения текста вокруг единой линии рассуждения: от постановки проблемы к основному выводу. Рассматривая научный текст как интеллектуальное действие, которым исследователь вносит свой вклад в научную дискуссию, автор очерчивает круг проблем, возникающих у российских студентов и специалистов в связи с недостаточно точными представлениями о требованиях, предъявляемых к текстам зарубежными университетами и научными журналами, и предлагает пути их решения. Используемые примеры относятся к социально-экономическим и гуманитарным дисциплинам, однако в основе рекомендаций лежит трансдисциплинарный подход.

The article describes one of the most challenging aspects of academic writing, or rhetoric and composition, the focus. Special attention is paid to narrowing down the topic of an academic text, formulating a clear thesis statement and the development of the main idea throughout the text. An academic text is viewed as an intellectual procedure, which enables the writer to construct new knowledge and successfully communicate it to the academic community. The paper is aimed at helping Russian students and researchers better understand the requirements of Western universities and international academic journals to theses and publications. Recommendations are based on the WAC approach, although the examples are drawn mainly from social sciences and humanities.

Keywords

АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЕ ПИСЬМО, НАУЧНЫЙ ТЕКСТ, ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЕ ПУБЛИКАЦИИ, НАУЧНАЯ КОММУНИКАЦИЯ, ФОРМУЛИРОВКА ТЕЗИСА, ФОКУС НАУЧНОГО ТЕКСТА

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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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