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Дореволюционная историография о сельскохозяйственном просвещении

Дореволюционная историография о сельскохозяйственном просвещении

Abstract

Some prerevolutionary researchers considered popularization of scientific and agrarian knowledge to be a way of modernization of agriculture and an alternative to the radical solution of an agrarian question. The first thorough works devoted to this problem appeared during the post-reform period, the authors being the officials of the agrarian department and activists of scientific organizations. The peak of interest in agropromotion fell on the beginning of the XX century which is justified by the fact that agricultural education became the major trend of the Stolypin 's reforms. Prerevolutionary publications contain valuable information on participation in agronomical projects not only of the government (V.V. Morachevsky's work), but also of other educational entities: zemstvos (works of A.A. Kaufman, G.A. Sazonov, B. Veselovsky); agricultural societies (A. Sovetov's article); experimental institutions (works of D.N. Pryanishnikov, A.G. Doyarenko, V.V. Viner) and private individuals. The period under discussion gave rise to researches devoted to certain forms of agricultural education (researches of V.V. Schneider, M. Puzanov, I. Meshchersky). Questions of rationalization of agriculture became central in works of representatives of the organizational and production trend. Works of scientists were noteworthy for their analytical component, while works of county agronomists were remarkable for providing applied aspects of work with peasants. It was practical workers such as V.A. Vladimirsky, A.A. Zubrilin, P.D. Kopytov, Yu.Ye. Makarenko, A.V. Teytel, S.P. Fridolin and others who saw the problems within county peasant community. The history of agricultural education is supplemented by works about agrarian education by A.G. Nebolsin, N.P. Moskalsky, I.N. Miklashevsky. The scientist and the agronomist I.A. Stebut was the first pre-revolutionary author who identified the historical conditionality of agricultural education, proved its role in modernization of agrarian production.

Пропаганда научно-аграрного знания как способ модернизации сельского хозяйства рассматривалась частью дореволюционных исследователей в качестве альтернативы радикальному решению аграрного вопроса. Первые основательные работы, посвященные данной проблеме, появились в пореформенный период, причем авторами были чиновники аграрного ведомства и активисты научных обществ. Пик интереса к агропропаганде пришелся на начало ХХ в., что вполне объяснимо, поскольку сельскохозяйственное просвещение стало важнейшим направлением столыпинских преобразований. Дореволюционные издания содержат ценную информацию об участии в агрономических проектах не только государства (работа В.В. Морачевского), но и других субъектов образовательно-просветительной деятельности: земств (работы А.А. Кауфмана, Г.А. Сазонова, Б. Веселовского), сельскохозяйственных обществ (статья А. Советова), опытных учреждений (труды Д.Н. Прянишникова, А.Г. Дояренко, В.В. Винера) и частных лиц. В этот период появились исследования, посвященные отдельным формам сельскохозяйственного просвещения (исследования В.В. Шнейдера, М. Пузанова, И. Мещерского). Вопросы рационализации крестьянского хозяйства стали центральными в трудах представителей организационно-производственного направления. Если в работах ученых сильной стороной являлась аналитическая составляющая, то в трудах земских агрономов прикладные аспекты работы с крестьянами. Именно практические работники В.А. Владимирский, А.А. Зубрилин, П.Д. Копытов, Ю.Е. Макаренко, А.В. Тейтель, С.П. Фридолин и другие видели проблемы изнутри крестьянского сообщества. Историю сельскохозяйственного просвещения дополняют труды об аграрном образовании А.Г. Неболсина, Н.П. Москальского, И.Н. Миклашевского. Ученый и агроном И.А. Стебут первым среди дореволюционных авторов показал историческую обусловленность сельскохозяйственного просвещения, обосновал его роль в модернизации аграрного производства.

Keywords

ДОРЕВОЛЮЦИОННАЯ ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ, СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЕ ПРОСВЕЩЕНИЕ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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