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РЫНКИ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ

РЫНКИ ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ

Abstract

Рассмотрены конкурирующие формы организации теплоснабжения. Показано, что в Финляндии, Дании, Китае и России доминирующей формой теплоснабжения являются системы централизованного теплоснабжения; в США и Канаде индивидуальные источники теплоснабжения. На эмпирическом материале указанных стран выделены 4 модели рынка тепловой энергии на основе комбинаций следующих характеристик: тип рынка, ориентация рынка, этап развития рынка, формы государственной поддержки систем централизованного теплоснабжения, подход к ценообразованию. Выявлена несостоятельность действующей модели рынка тепловой энергии в России (неконкурентного, ориентированного на производителя, зрелого рынка тепловой энергии, на котором развитие систем централизованного теплоснабжения осуществляется в условиях масштабной государственной поддержки). «Целевая» модель рынка тепловой энергии в России представляет собой модель неконкурентного, ориентированного на потребителя, зрелого рынка тепловой энергии, на котором развитие систем централизованного теплоснабжения осуществляется в условиях отсутствия масштабной государственной поддержки. Тем не менее в «целевой» модели рынка выполнен только формальный учет пространственной неоднородности локальных рынков тепловой энергии в России.

The author reviews competing forms of heat supply. It is shown that in Finland, Denmark, China and Russia the dominant form of heat supply is district heating system; in the United States and Canada the dominant form of heat supply is individual one. Using the countries’ data the author allocates 4 models of heat energy markets. The analysis is based on combinations of the following characteristics: the type of market, the orientation of market, the stage of market development, forms of state support of district heating systems and the approach to pricing. The results identified the failure of the current model of heat energy market in Russia (noncompetitive, manufacturer-oriented and evolved market with massive state support of its district heating system). The ‘target’ model of heat energy market in Russia is a model of noncompetitive, customer-oriented and evolved market with no state support of its district heating system. However, the ‘target’ model takes into account spatial heterogeneity of local heat energy markets in Russia only technically.

Keywords

РЫНОК ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ,СИСТЕМА ЦЕНТРАЛИЗОВАННОГО ТЕПЛОСНАБЖЕНИЯ,ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ТЕПЛОСНАБЖЕНИЯ,МОДЕЛЬ РЫНКА ТЕПЛОВОЙ ЭНЕРГИИ,РОССИЯ,США,КАНАДА,КИТАЙ,ФИНЛЯНДИЯ,ДАНИЯ,HEAT ENERGY MARKET,DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM,INDIVIDUAL HEATING SYSTEM,HEAT ENERGY MARKET'S MODEL,RUSSIA,USA,CANADA,CHINA,FINLAND,DENMARK

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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