The high dental incidence of child population of Ukraine for many years, is one of the current challenges. Incidence of caries, periodontal disease, and violation of teeth formation increased among children of different age groups. Prevalence of teeth-jaw anomalies grow up among children and adolescents every year, orthodontic treatment need increases. Thus, the rate of prevalence of malocclusion, according to different authors in adolescents is 50-71,7 %. Puberty is a critical period of life, because at puberty age neuroendocrine system starts functioning, hormones that affect the development of many body systems and the formation of reproductive health, start to produce. Under the influence of steroid hormones there are the active development of the musculoskeletal system, shown accelerated growth of the body and overall dental-maxillo-facial growth. Insufficient secretion of estrogen leads to disruption of mineralization of bone and may cause anomalies in the maxillofacial area. According to data of T Moiseeva (2005), mineralization of bones and bone mineral density correlate with indicators of physical development stages of puberty and the age of onset of menstruation. At low values of serum estradiol at age of 13-15 years intense increase of body length and mineralization of bone tissue are observed. Increased serum estradiol after 15 years is accompanied by a reduction or termination of growth and accumulation of mineral in bone. Inadequate calcium intake in a critical period of bone mineral accumulation leads to cause of osteopenic conditions in adolescents during puberty. The main features of puberty in adolescent girls in poor socio-economic conditions are moderate hypoestrogenia incorrect puberty (in 74 % of cases), the tendency to form flat basin, slowing the development of pelvic organs and bone deficiency. Negative factors contribute to the inhibition of mineralization, resulting in insufficient development of alveolar bone of the jaw, the appearance of the teeth-maxillo-facial anomalies, malocclusion. In literature we encountered works, indicating the dependence malocclusion of quality characteristics of bone. According to information received by Kalinichenko Y (2012) found that osteoporosis is more common in girls among adolescents. Deficiency of mineral content in the bone tissue in women was found in 60 % of cases with the greatest deviation Z-test (standard deviation mineral density by age and sex norms) in the age groups of 12, 14, 16 years. Also found that underweight is one of the leading factors of osteoporosis the highest frequency of osteoporosis (69. 5 %) was found in adolescents who had deficiency of weight. Inverse correlation between age at menarche and mineral content of bone and bone mineral density and physical development parameters (height, weight) was established. A clear direct link between the delay of puberty, low calcium intake and frequency of fractures was discovered. There are studies that show the relationship between the increase of the intensity of caries in children 12-15 years and a decrease in bone mineral density of the mandible. Adolescents who live in areas with high levels of contamination compared with adolescents with less contaminated areas, were established to have increasing the passage of ultrasound through bone tissue. However, in the available literature, we did not encounter studies devoted to relationship between status of bone, morphological and functional condition of the tooth-jaw area, including bite, muscles, TMJ in comparison with the development of the reproductive system in girls at puberty age, which forces us to research on this issue.

Серед захворювань підліткового віку важливе місце займають зубо-щелепні аномалії, їх поширеність з кожним роком зростає, потреба у лікуванні у стоматолога-ортодонта збільшується. Період активного росту опорного-рухового скелету у дівчат відбувається в пубертатному віці, а потім наступає сповільнення росту скелету. Порушення функціонального стану системи гіпоталамус-гіпофіз-статеві залози і становлення репродуктивної функції веде до формування низького піку кісткової маси, сприяє погіршенню Вісник проблем біології і медицини 2015 Вип. 2, Том 1 (118) 39 ОГЛЯДИ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ процесів мінералізації кісткової тканини скелету і альвеолярної кістки, виникненню зубо-щелепно-лицьових аномалій, патології прикусу.Среди заболеваний подрасткового возраста важное место занимают зубо-челюстные аномалии, их распространенность с каждым годом возрастатет, нуждаемость в лечении у стоматолога-орто-донта увеличивается. Период активного роста опорно-двигательного скелета у девушек происходит в пубертатном возрасте, потом наступает замедление роста скелета. Нарушение функционального состояния системы гипоталамус-гипофиз-половые железы, становление репродуктивной функции ведет к формированию нихкого пика костной массы, способствует нарушению минерализации костной массы скелета и альвеолярной кости, возникновению зубо-челюстных аномалий, патологии прикуса.