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Коррекция нарушений психоэмоционального состояния студентов медицинского колледжа с низким уровнем нервно-психической устойчивости

Коррекция нарушений психоэмоционального состояния студентов медицинского колледжа с низким уровнем нервно-психической устойчивости

Abstract

Intense mental activity of the students during academic studies involves mechanisms of adaptation and is associated with strong psychoemotional stress that affects their working ability and places specific demands on all body systems. The objective of the present work was to reveal and correct disturbances in the psychoemotonal sphere of the students of a medical college characterized by the low level of neuropsychic stability. The comprehensive study included 124 subjects (70 women and 54 men) of the mean age of 20 ± 1.2 years. The psychophysiological testing was carried out with the help of the “Multipsikhometr” programmed psychodiagnostic complex (PPK) used to estimate parameters of the psychic status, specific personality traits, working ability, and quality of life. The program for medico-psychological rehabilitation of the students characterized by the low level of neuropsychic stability (NPS) included the use of the methods for psychological correction of certain general disorders, such as breathing-relaxation training and autogenic training exercises. The following physical methods of rehabilitation were applied: the osteopathic techniques designed to normalize affected macroand microlability of human tissues responsible for functional disturbances and compromised relaxation mechanisms. Therapeutic osteopathic procedures were carried out once weekly at the most, each lasting 40 minutes. The total duration of the treatment varied from 1.5 to 2 months. The clinical and physiological examination provided the data on the character and manifestation correction of the signs of neuropsychic instability in the students of the medical college. It was shown that correction of the psychomotional status in the subjects presenting with the low NPS level resulted in the normalization of the characteristics of the background psychoemotional conditions. Parameters of the quality of life of the students with the low NPS level were below normal ones when estimated based on the scales of both physical and psychological health conditions. The results of the study were employed to substantiate the use of parameters of the osteopathic status for the assessment of the effectiveness of the programs for the correction of psychoemotional state of the students with the low NPS level. The results of the factor analysis of individual characteristics of the functional state indicate that psychoemotional factors are responsible for 44% of the overall health status in the students presenting with the low level of neuropsychic stability.

Интенсивная умственная деятельность студентов во время обучения связана с включением механизмов адаптации, высокое психоэмоциональное напряжение отражается на работоспособности студентов и требует большого напряжения всех систем организма. Цель работы состоит в оценке и коррекции нарушений психоэмоциональной сферы студентов медицинского колледжа с низким уровнем нервнопсихической устойчивости. Проведено комплексное обследование 124 студентов (девушек было 70 и юношей 54), возраст которых составлял 20±1,2 года. Психофизиологическое тестирование студентов проведено с помощью аппаратно-программного психодиагностического комплекса АПК «Мультипсихометр». Определяли показатели, характеризующие психическое состояние, особенности личности, работоспособность и качество жизни. Программа медико-психологической реабилитации студентов с признаками низкого уровня нервно-психической устойчивости (НПУ) включала использование методов психологической коррекции состояния общей направленности: дыхательно-релаксационный тренинг и аутогенную тренировку. Применялись также физические методы реабилитации: остеопатические техники, которые направлены на устранение дисфункций макрои микроподвижности тканей человека, влекущих за собой функциональные повреждения, и обеспечивают релаксацию организма. Остеопатические врачебные процедуры продолжительностью 40 мин. проводились не более одного раза в 1-2 нед. Продолжительность лечения составляла в среднем 1,5-2 мес. На основе клинико-физиологических обследований изучены характер и выраженность признаков нервно-психической неустойчивости у студентов медицинского колледжа. На фоне коррекции состояния у студентов с низким уровнем НПУ отмечается нормализация показателей психоэмоционального фона. Качество жизни у студентов с низким уровнем НПУ характеризуется низкими значениями показателей по шкалам как физического, так и психологического компонентов здоровья. Обосновано применение показателей остеопатического статуса в оценке эффективности программ коррекции состояния студентов с низким уровнем НПУ. По результатам факторного анализа показателей функционального состояния установлено, что у студентов с нервно-психической неустойчивостью до лечения уровень здоровья определяется психоэмоциональным фактором на 44%.

Keywords

ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛИЧНОСТИ, КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ, НЕРВНО-ПСИХИЧЕСКАЯ НЕУСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ, ОСТЕОПАТИЧЕСКАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ, УРОВЕНЬ ТРЕВОЖНОСТИ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold