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Опасный вредитель эвкалиптов - усач Phoracantha semipunctata Fabricius, 1775 (col. : Cerambycidae) и его подавление в результате эцезиса и интродукции яйцееда Oobius longoi (siscaro,1992) (hym. : Encyrtidae)

Опасный вредитель эвкалиптов - усач Phoracantha semipunctata Fabricius, 1775 (col. : Cerambycidae) и его подавление в результате эцезиса и интродукции яйцееда Oobius longoi (siscaro,1992) (hym. : Encyrtidae)

Abstract

Статья содержит информацию о вредителях эвкалиптов, завезенных из Австралии в другие регионы мира, и об их биологическом подавлении. Особое внимание уделяется эвкалиптовому усачу и его яйцееду ообиусу. Подчеркивается опасность проникновения насекомых, приводящих эвкалипты к гибели на Черноморское побережье Кавказа при отсутствии там их естественных врагов. Эвкалипты широко распространены на Черноморском побережье, они выращиваются от Сочи до Батуми. Статья содержит обзор некоторых серьезных вредителей эвкалиптов, проникших из Австралии в другие регионы мира. Особое внимание уделяется усачу Phoracantha semipunctata, завезенному вместе с древесиной эвкалиптов во многие страны. В Палеарктике этот усач уже обнаружен во многих странах. Деревья, стволы которых поражены его личинками, погибают через несколько недель, и химическая борьба с ним неэффективна. Однако, интродукция из Австралии в Калифорнию ( США ) его паразитоида яйцееда Oobius longoi была весьма успешной, и промышленные посадки эвкалиптов были спасены от гибели. Oobius longoi проник в Италию и Португалию путем эцедиса, т. е. вместе с хозяином. В Италии заражение паразитоидом яиц усача достигло 90 %, как и в США. В случае весьма вероятного обнаружения эвкалиптового усача на Кавказе будет необходимой интродукция его яйцееда. Статья посвящена памяти выдающегося лесного энтомолога Алексея Ивановича Воронцова к 100-летию со дня его рождения.

The article contains the informaition of eucalypti pests, that have been penetrated from Australia into other regions of the world, about their biological suppression. Special attention is paid to Phoracanta semipunctata, brought toghether with eucalyptus wood into many countries. The danger of insect penetration, lead to eucalyptus ruin on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus under the absencу of their natural enemies is underlined. Eucalypti are spread widely on the Black Sea coast, they are planted from Sotchy to Batumy. In the Pole Arctick this beetle is discovered in many contries. Trees, which stems are defeated by its личинками, perish in some weeks, and chemical struggle with it is not effective. However, introduction from Austalia the parasitoid of its eggs Oobius longoi was very successful, and industrial cultures of eucalyptus were saved from perish. Oobius longoi has penetrrated to Italy and Portugal by ecedis, with its owner. In Italy infection with parasitoid of beetle achieved 90% as in USA. In the case of rather probable discover of eucalyptus beetle on the Caucasus introduction of its eggs eater will be necessary.

Keywords

ВРЕДИТЕЛИ ЭВКАЛИПТОВ, ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ ВРАГИ, УСАЧ PHORACANTHA SEMIPUNCTATA, ЯЙЦЕЕД OOBIUS LONGOI, БИОКОНТРОЛЬ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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