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Новые тенденции регулирования фторированных хладагентов в индустрии холода

Новые тенденции регулирования фторированных хладагентов в индустрии холода

Abstract

This paper focuses particularly on modern tendencies and strategies in development of low-temperature engineering discussed at international conference in St. Petersburg (Russia) in February, 2015. In order to phase out and reduce ozone-depleting and global warming gases, the low-temperature industry and society need modern solutions and modern refrigeration technology. According to the Montreal Protocol production and consumption of chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) in developed countries are or will be phased out by 1996 and 2020 for CFCs and HCFCs respectively. HFCs production and consumption would be phased down with the tools of the Montreal Protocol. Key elements to be taken into account when choosing a lowGWP refrigerants: energy efficiency, thermophysical properties, reducing leakage, refrigeration charge reduction, safety issues and new technologies, which requires increasing research in universities and companies.

Современные тенденции и стратегия развития техники низких температур оказались в центре дискуссии, прозвучавшей на Международной конференции в стенах Университета ИТМО в Санкт-Петербурге 4 февраля 2015 г. Необходимы современные решения и технологии в индустрии холода, отвечающие требованиям Монреальского протокола по устранению с 1996 и 2020 годов озоноразрушающих и парниковых газов, прежде всего хлорфторуглеводородов и гидрохлорфторуглеродов. В рамках Монреальского протокола предполагается постепенный вывод из обращения фторированных углеводородов. Рассмотрены условия перехода на фторированные хладагенты с низким потенциалом глобального потепления: энергоэффективность, изучение теплофизических свойств, снижение утечек и уменьшение количества хладагента в системе, проблемы безопасности и новые технологии на их основе. Необходимы интенсивное развитие научных исследований в университетах и стратегические инициативы компаний по их реализации.

Keywords

НИЗКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНАЯ ТЕХНИКА,LOW-TEMPERATURE ENGINEERING,ХЛАДАГЕНТЫ,REFRIGERANTS,ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES,HCFC,CFC,F-GAS,LOW GWP REFRIGERANT,ТЕПЛОФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА,THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES,УТЕЧКИ ХЛАДАГЕНТОВ,LEAKAGE,ЭКОЛОГИЯ,ХЛОРФТОРУГЛЕВОДОРОДЫ,ГИДРОХЛОРФТОРУГЛЕРОДЫ,ФТОРИРОВАННЫЕ ГАЗЫ,ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО ПОТЕПЛЕНИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold