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Концептуальный подход к анализу риска использования ядерных материалов в неэнергетических целях

Концептуальный подход к анализу риска использования ядерных материалов в неэнергетических целях

Abstract

Широкомасштабное развитие ядерной энергетики повышает риск немирного использования ядерных материалов, поэтому необходимы разработка и обоснование методов количественной оценки защищенности ядерных материалов от несанкционированных действий, а также обоснование способов повышения их защищенности. Для количественной оценки защищенности предлагается концепция риска несанкционированного использования ядерных материалов. Получены соотношения для расчета вероятности реализации цепочки несанкционированных действий и ущерба от возможного немирного применения ядерных материалов. Приведен пример использования концепции риска и модели поиска объектов несанкционированных действий с ядерными материалами в задаче сравнительной оценки защищенности высокообогащенного урана.

Large-scale development of nuclear power increases the risk of non-peaceful use of nuclear materials. Therefore, development and justification of the methods for quantification of nuclear materials protection against unauthorized activity are needed. Also, the justification for the ways to improve internal protection of nuclear materials is required. The concept of the risk of nuclear materials unauthorized use is proposed for quantification of nuclear materials protection. The formulas for calculating the probability of implementation of the illegal actions chain and for the damage caused by nuclear materials non-peaceful use are obtained. The example of comparative assessment of highly enrichment uranium protection is presented.

Keywords

ВЕРОЯТНОСТЬ ОБНАРУЖЕНИЯ, ЗАЩИЩЕННОСТЬ, ИЗОТОПНАЯ ДЕНАТУРАЦИЯ, НЕСАНКЦИОНИРОВАННЫЕ ДЕЙСТВИЯ, ОБОГАЩЕНИЕ УРАНА, РИСК, ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ МОДИФИКАЦИЯ МАТЕРИАЛА, ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ РЕГИСТРАЦИИ, ЯДЕРНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ

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    influence
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze