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Университеты мирового класса: стратегии формирования

Университеты мирового класса: стратегии формирования

Abstract

The relevance of the research is based on the processes of integrating Russian universities into the world education space and the necessity of their transformation into world-class universities to succeed new positions in the world universities rankings. The aim of the research is to analyze the main strategies of reforming universities as well as to depict the ways of transforming Russian Universities to the «world-class universities». The author denotes the assessment characteristics of universities in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings «THE», the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU-Shanghai Ranking) and the International ranking of the presence and the activity of the university on the global Web the Internet (Webometrics). Methods. The method of monitoring the existing universities rankings is used. The system approach to the assessment criteria is applied as well as the method of focused qualitative and quantitative analysis of modern western and Russian universities. Results. The author analyzed strengths and shortcomings of the main strategies of transforming universities, such as university modernization, amalgamation and creation of new university on the examples of Russian and foreign higher education institutions. The specifics of transforming university by stimulating publication productivity, improving the quality of scientific activity, as well as changing management system are pointed out. It is concluded that the reforming of universities should have strategy in order to avoid negative consequences.

Актуальность работы обусловлена процессами интеграции российских университетов в мировое образовательное пространство и необходимостью их трансформирования в университеты мирового класса для достижения новых позиций в международных рейтингах университетов. Цель работы: проанализировать основные стратегии реформирования университетов, а также обозначить пути трансформирования российских университетов в университеты мирового уровня, обозначить характеристики оценки университетов в международных рейтингах «Таймс», Академическом рейтинге университетов мира (Шанхайский рейтинг) и Международном рейтинге присутствия и активности университетов в глобальной сети Интернет (Webometrics). В работе был использован метод мониторинга существующих рейтингов университетов, задействован системный подход к оценке критериев отбора, а также метод фокусированного качественного и количественного анализа опыта современных западных и российских университетов. В результате проанализированы достоинства и недостатки основных стратегий трансформирования университетов, таких как модернизация университета, слияние и создание нового университета на примерах российских и иностранных вузов. Отмечена специфика трансформирования университета путем стимулирования публикационной активности, повышения качества научной деятельности, а также изменения системы управления. Сделаны выводы о том, что реформирование университетов должно носить стратегический характер во избежание негативных последствий.

Keywords

УНИВЕРСИТЕТ МИРОВОГО КЛАССА,ВЫСШЕЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ,НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ,РЕЙТИНГИ УНИВЕРСИТЕТОВ,РЕЙТИНГ "ТАЙМС",АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИЙ РЕЙТИНГ УНИВЕРСИТЕТОВ МИРА (ШАНХАЙСКИЙ РЕЙТИНГ),WEBOMETRICS,WORLD-CLASS UNIVERSITY,HIGHER EDUCATION,NATIONAL RESEARCH UNIVERSITY,UNIVERSITIES RANKING,THE INTERNATIONAL RANKINGS OF "TIMES",ARWU SHANGHAI RANKING

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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