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Cálculo de indicadores de estructura de paisaje utilizando el software Fragstats y estrategias de mejora de conectividad y patrones de fragmentación en el Distrito Metropolitano de Quito

Authors: Martínez Cordero, Bryan Alexander;

Cálculo de indicadores de estructura de paisaje utilizando el software Fragstats y estrategias de mejora de conectividad y patrones de fragmentación en el Distrito Metropolitano de Quito

Abstract

Con el fin de conocer el estado paisajístico de un lugar, existen las denominadas métricas de paisaje, estas van a ayudar a cuantificar la existencia de vegetación natural, en este estudio, esas métricas fueron los índices de conectividad y fragmentación, ambos estructurales del paisaje. En este estudio, la zona de aplicación fue el DMQ, para lo cual se utilizó geoinformación sobre la cobertura y uso de la tierra disponible en instituciones gubernamentales. Para calcular el índice de conectividad se hizo uso del software fragstats, y se analizaron los mapas de tres años diferentes, estos fueron el 2014, 2016 y 2018, además se tuvieron que reclasificar las clases, de modo que se genere un mapa binario, quedando solo dos tipos de información, vegetación remanente y uso antrópico, con estos mapas listos, lo siguiente fue generarlos con la extensión GeoTIFF, debido a que este es uno de los formatos aceptados por fragstats, luego, para el cálculo del índice de fragmentación se necesitan los datos de dos años diferentes, por lo que su análisis se realizó sobre los años 2014-2016 y 2016-2018, para ello se utilizó la fórmula que examina el cambio anual en la longitud de borde entre áreas intervenidas y vegetación remanente, los pasos para calcular los dos índices se encuentran en la ¨Propuesta de Indicadores Nacionales de Biodiversidad¨ propuesto por el Ministerio del Ambiente. A nivel Distrital, existen 8502 zonas consideradas prioritarias de restauración, por lo que todas estas fueron consideradas para volver a determinar los índices en base a sus características de paisaje. Los cálculos de los índices se obtuvieron con el fin de aplicar una estrategia de mitigación que les permita mejorar, es así que el análisis de dicha estrategia, determinaron que el índice de conectividad para el año 2014 fue de 57,7731 m, para el año 2016 de 62,8733 m y para el año 2018 su valor es 63,0734 m, en cambio el estudio del índice de fragmentación estableció que para el período examinado entre el 2014 – 2016, el valor que es obtuvo fue de -1,26079137, mientras que para los años 2016 – 2017, fue de 0,01320113.

In order to know the landscape condition of a place, there are the so-called landscape metrics, these will help to quantify the existence of natural vegetation, in this study, these metrics were the connectivity and fragmentation indexes, both structural of the landscape. In this study, the area of application was the Metropolitan District of Quito, for which geoinformation on land cover and land use available in governmental institutions was used. To calculate the connectivity index, use was made of fragstats software, and the maps were analyzed three different years, these were 2014, 2016 and 2018, also the classes had to be reclassified, so that a binary map was generated, that is, only two types of information were left, in this case, they were remnant vegetation and anthropic use, with these maps ready, the next thing was to generate them with the GeoTIFF extension, because this is one of the formats accepted by fragstats, then, for the calculation of the fragmentation index, data from two different years are needed, so its analysis was performed on the years 2014-2016 and 2016-2018, for this the formula that examines the annual change in the length of edge between intervened areas and remaining vegetation was used, the steps to calculate the two indexes are found in the "Proposal of National Biodiversity Indicators" proposed by the Ministry of Environment. At the district level, there are 8502 areas considered priority areas for restoration, so all of these were considered for redetermining the indices based on their landscape characteristics. The calculations of the indexes were obtained in order to apply a mitigation strategy that allows them to improve, this is how the analysis without implementing such strategy, determined that the connectivity index for the year 2014 was 57.7731 m, for the year 2016 was 62, 8733 m and for the year 2018 its value is 63.0734 m, on the other hand the study of the fragmentation index established that for the period examined between 2014 - 2016, the value that is obtained was -1.26079137, while for the years 2016 - 2017, it was 0.01320113.

Country
Ecuador
Related Organizations
Keywords

SOFTWARE DE APLICACIÓN, EVALUACIÓN DEL PAISAJE, INGENIERÍA AMBIENTAL, INVESTIGACIÓN CIENTÍFICA, CONSERVACIÓN DE LA NATURALEZA

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
Related to Research communities
Italian National Biodiversity Future Center