The studies allowed manufacturing dead pine wood thermal insulation materials for the arrangement of premises. Raw materials for their production are wood fibers formed as flat boards. The mechanisms of the thermal insulation process during energy transfer through the material, which makes it possible to influence this process are determined. It is proved that the processes of thermal insulation consist in reducing the porosity of material. So, with a decrease in material density, thermal conductivity decreases, and vice versa. Modeling of the heat transfer process in the swelling of the fireproof coating is carried out, temperature dependences of thermophysical coefficients are determined. Based on the obtained dependences, thermal conductivity for dead pine wood products, reaching 0.132 W/(m·K) is estimated. In case of adhesive bonding of wood products, it decreases to 0.121 W/(m∙K) and when creating wood wool thermal insulation boards it decreases to 0.079 W/(m∙K), respectively. Features of inhibition of the process of heat transfer to the adhesive bonded wood wool material are associated with the formation of pores. This is because in small pores there is no air movement, accompanied by heat transfer. Thermal conductivity of homogeneous material depends on density. So, with a decrease in the material density to 183 kg/m3, thermal conductivity decreases 1.67 times, and vice versa, when using the board, thermal conductivity decreases only 1.1 times. This allows confirming the compliance of the discovered real mechanism of thermal insulation with the revealed conditions for the formation of properties of the inorganic and organic-mineral bonded wood wool material, as well as practical attractiveness of low-quality wood. The latter, in particular, relate to determining the amount of the binder component. Thus, there is reason to argue about the possibility of directed regulation of the processes of formation of wood thermal insulation materials using wood wool and inorganic and organic-mineral binder, which can form a fire-retardant film on the material surface