This article analyses the evolution of studying gender power relations and subordination in na-tional Caucasian studies. Gender inequality in the North Caucasus has always been of great inter-est to Russian scientists, as it was necessary to obtain the most complete information about the region’s specifics, without which its harmonious inclusion in the overall Russian legal, economic, and socio-cultural context was impossible. During the pre-revolutionary period, the knowledge gained was used to build colonial policies. A new impetus for the study of this issue by national Caucasian studies was received in the Soviet period, which was associated with the course taken towards the construction of a fundamentally new Soviet society, painting pre-revolutionary life mainly in grey tones. After the collapse of the USSR, the new Russian government aimed to build a new Russian society based on humanity and liberalism, as well as to review Soviet historiog-raphy. Caucasian studies began to more widely utilise foreign methodological achievements and explore previously unexplored aspects of the topic to obtain an objective view of the gender asymmetry among the peoples of the Caucasus. Contemporary researchers observe not only the negative but also the positive features of pre-revolutionary life, and efforts are made to investigate the key characteristics of the phenomenon under study.