The article reveals the most important aspect of the scientific activity of the prominent Caucasian historian M.A. Polievktov (1872-1942) in the academic institutions of Georgia in 1920-1930, which is the most important aspect of his scientific biography. M.A. Polievktov stood at the origins of the academic Caucasian studies in Georgia. Based on archival materials from the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, the materials were intro-duced into scientific circulation for the first time among archival documents of the scientist’s per-sonal fund from the Central Historical Archives of Georgia and the Central Archives of Contem-porary History of Georgia, the author reveals the content of M.A. Polievktov to identify materials on the history of Russian-Georgian relations in the 16th-18th centuries, to create the organization-al foundations for the formation of Caucasian studies in Georgia. Unknown facts of the scientific biography of M.A. Polievktova, which until now were in the shadows, were not the patrimony of historiography. The article reveals the scientific activity of M.A. Polievktov at the Caucasian Historical and Archaeological Institute and its subsequent transformations - the Research Institute of Caucasian Studies. N.Ya. Marra, Georgian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Institute of Lan-guage, History and Material Culture of the Georgian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, which is an integral part of the life and scientific work of the Caucasian historian. The re-sults of work in the academic institutions of Georgia were the publication of articles and archival materials in Caucasian studies. Scientific legacy of M.A. Polievktov, one of the founders of Cau-casian studies in Georgia, will be the subject of historiographic research for a long time.