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Journal of Number Theory
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Journal of Number Theory
Article . 2001
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The Limit Distribution of a Number Theoretic Function Arising from a Problem in Statistical Mechanics

The limit distribution of a number theoretic function arising from a problem in statistical mechanics
Authors: Peter, Manfred;

The Limit Distribution of a Number Theoretic Function Arising from a Problem in Statistical Mechanics

Abstract

Let \(A:= \left( \begin{smallmatrix} 1&0\\ 1&1 \end{smallmatrix} \right)\), \(B:= \left( \begin{smallmatrix} 1&1\\ 0&1 \end{smallmatrix} \right)\), and for \(n\in \mathbb{N}\), let \(\Phi(n)\) be the number of matrices \(C\) which are products of \(A\)'s and \(B\)'s where both \(A\) and \(B\) must occur, such that the trace \(\text{Tr} (C)=n\). It had been conjectured that \(\Phi(n)\sim \frac{12}{\pi^2} n\log n\), \(n\to \infty\). This conjecture is disproved in the paper by explicitly showing that the quotient function \(\varphi(n):= \frac{\Phi(n)} {n\log n}\), \(n\geq 2\), has an absolutely continuous limit distribution with respect to the Lebesgue measure. In fact, the main result of this paper is the following: Theorem: The arithmetical function \(\varphi\) has a smooth limit distribution, i.e., there is some \(\delta\in C^\infty (0,\infty)\cap L^1(0,\infty)\) with \(\delta\geq 0\), \(\int_0^\infty \delta(t) dt= 1\), such that for \(0< a< b< \infty\), \(\lim_{x\to \infty} \frac 1x|\{n\leq x\mid \varphi(n)\in (a,b]\}|= \int_a^b \delta(t) dt\). Since according to this theorem the limit distribution of \(\varphi\) is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure, it turns out that the existing conjecture cannot hold, and at the same time it is replaced by this new positive statement. The essential part of the proof is to show that \(\varphi\) is 1-limit periodic.

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Germany
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Keywords

Algebra and Number Theory, nonexistence of a limit, limit distribution, absolutely continuous limit distribution, Miscellaneous applications of number theory, Farey fractions, Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics, Distribution functions associated with additive and positive multiplicative functions, arithmetical function, almost periodic functions, spin chain, class numbers

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
11
Average
Top 10%
Average
hybrid