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American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC
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Managing Urticarial Vasculitis: A Clinical Decision-Making Algorithm Based on Expert Consensus

Authors: Nikolai Dario Rothermel; Carolina Vera Ayala; Margarida Gonçalo; Jie Shen Fok; Leonie Shirin Herzog; Emek Kocatürk; Sophia Neisinger; +9 Authors

Managing Urticarial Vasculitis: A Clinical Decision-Making Algorithm Based on Expert Consensus

Abstract

Urticarial vasculitis (UV) is a rare and difficult-to-treat, small-vessel leukocytoclastic vasculitis presenting with recurrent long-lasting wheals. So far, no guidelines and treatment algorithms exist that could help clinicians with the management of UV. In this review, we describe evidence on systemic treatments used for UV and propose a clinical decision-making algorithm for UV management based on the Urticarial Vasculitis Activity Score assessed for 7 days (UVAS7). Patients with occasional UV-like urticarial lesions and patients with UV with skin-limited manifestations and/or mild arthralgia/malaise (total UVAS7 ≤7 of 70) can be initially treated using the step-wise algorithm for chronic urticaria including second-generation H1-antihistamines, omalizumab, and cyclosporine A. Patients with UV with more severe symptoms (UVAS7 >7), especially those with hypocomplementemic UV, may require a multidisciplinary approach, particularly if underlying diseases, for example, systemic lupus erythematosus, cancer, or infection, are present. Immunomodulatory therapy is based on clinical signs and symptoms, and the drug availability and safety profile, and includes systemic corticosteroids, dapsone, hydroxychloroquine, anti-interleukin-1 agents, and other therapies. The level of evidence for all UV treatments is low. Prospective studies with current and novel drugs are needed and could provide further insights into UV pathogenesis and treatment.

Keywords

Consensus, Urticaria, Clinical Decision-Making, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous, Chronic Urticaria/diagnosis [MeSH] ; Chronic Urticaria/therapy [MeSH] ; Urticaria/therapy [MeSH] ; Clinical Decision-Making [MeSH] ; Algorithms [MeSH] ; Humans [MeSH] ; Severity of Illness Index [MeSH] ; Review Article ; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/therapy [MeSH] ; Omalizumab/therapeutic use [MeSH] ; Urticaria/diagnosis [MeSH] ; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/drug therapy [MeSH] ; Urticaria/drug therapy [MeSH] ; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/diagnosis [MeSH] ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use [MeSH] ; Chronic Urticaria/drug therapy [MeSH] ; Omalizumab/administration ; Consensus [MeSH], Review Article, Severity of Illness Index, Algorithms

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    4
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
hybrid
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