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A Framework for Measuring Neighborhood Walkability for Older Adults—A Delphi Consensus Study

Authors: Daniela Koller; Malte Bödeker; Ulrike Dapp; Eva Grill; Judith Fuchs; Werner Maier; Ralf Strobl;

A Framework for Measuring Neighborhood Walkability for Older Adults—A Delphi Consensus Study

Abstract

Abstract While mobility in older age is of crucial importance for health and well-being, it is worth noting that currently, there is no German language framework for measuring walkability for older adults that also considers the functional status of a person. Therefore, we combined the results of an expert workshop, a literature review, and a Delphi consensus survey. Through this, we identified and rated indicators relevant for walkability for older adults, additionally focusing on their functional status. The expert workshop and the review led to an extensive list of potential indicators, which we hope will be useful in future research. Those indicators were then adapted and rated in a three-stage Delphi expert survey. A fourth additional Delphi round was conducted to assess the relevance of each indicator for the different frailty levels, namely “robust,” “pre-frail,” and “frail.” Between 20 and 28 experts participated in each round of the Delphi survey. The Delphi process resulted in a list of 72 indicators deemed relevant for walkability in older age groups, grouped into three main categories: “Built environment and transport infrastructure,” “Accessibility and meeting places,” and “Attractiveness and sense of security.” For 35 of those indicators, it was suggested that functional status should be additionally considered. This framework represents a significant step forward in comprehensively covering indicators for subjective and objective walkability in older age, while also incorporating aspects of functioning relevant to older adults. It would be beneficial to test and apply the indicator set in a community setting.

Keywords

Male, Aged, 80 and over, Consensus, Delphi Technique, Walking, Female [MeSH] ; Qualitative research ; Residence Characteristics [MeSH] ; Aged, 80 and over [MeSH] ; Aged [MeSH] ; Humans [MeSH] ; Walkability ; Functioning ; Age ; Delphi ; Original Article ; Male [MeSH] ; Environment Design [MeSH] ; Neighborhood ; Built Environment [MeSH] ; Delphi Technique [MeSH] ; Walking [MeSH] ; Functional Status [MeSH] ; Consensus [MeSH], Functional Status, Residence Characteristics, Humans, Original Article, Environment Design, Female, Built Environment, Aged

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
hybrid