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Kartofel` i ovoshi
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Kartofel` i ovoshi
Article . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
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Kartofel` i ovoshi
Article . 2019
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Оригинальный способ ведения семеноводства многоплодных сортов овощных культур

Оригинальный способ ведения семеноводства многоплодных сортов овощных культур

Abstract

Семенные растения после проведенного сбора плодов в технической спелости имеют возможность формировать новые семенные плоды, что позволяет проводить повторные сборы и существенно увеличить продуктивность семеноводческих посевов. Оптимальный срок хранения семенных плодов, собранных в технической спелости, позволяет получить семена с высокими посевными качествами. Исследования проводились в 2015–2017 годах в ООО «Наш огород» Камызякского района Астраханской области. На примере сорта кабачка цуккини Юбилейный 450, представлены результаты изучения нового способа ведения семеноводства многоплодных сортов овощных культур, включающего проведение многоразовых сборов семенных плодов не в биологической, а в технической зрелости и последующего хранения, собранных семенных плодов, в течение определенного срока до достижения семенами высоких посевных качеств. В процессе исследований установлено, что оптимальный возраст семенных плодов кабачка для сбора и выделения семян, позволяющий получить наилучшие посевные качества семенного материала, – 50–60 сутки. При этой степени зрелости на 4–6 сутки при проращивании семян в термостате лабораторная всхожесть семян составляла 100%. Для увеличения продуктивности семеноводческих посевов можно проводить сбор семенных плодов в возрасте 20 суток от цветения и сохранять их в течение 20–30 суток до выделения семян. Установлено, что формирование кондиционных семян у снятых с растений плодов проходит быстрее, чем у плодов, находящихся на растении. До достижения высоких посевных кондиций плодам, находящимся на растении, необходимо 50–60 суток, а для плодов, проходящих дозаривание, суммарный период нахождения на растении и их последующего хранения до достижения оптимальных посевных качеств составляет 40–50 суток. На основании проведенных исследований получен патент на изобретение «Способ ведения семеноводства многоплодных сортов овощных и бахчевых культур».After harvesting fruits at the stage of technical maturity, seed plants afford to cultivate new seed fruits which make it possible to carry out repeated harvesting and significantly increase the productivity of seed crops. The optimal shelf life of seed fruits picked up at the stage of technical ripeness allows to receive seeds with high sowing qualities. The research was conducted in 2015–2017 in «Our garden» LLC of Kamyzyaksky district of Astrakhan region. Via the example of the variety of zucchini marrow Yubileinyi 450, the article shows the results of studying of a new method of seed production of polycarpous varieties of vegetable crops, which includes carrying out of frequent gatherings of seed fruit not in biological ripeness, but at the stage of technical maturity and subsequent storage of collected seed fruits seeds during specified period until receiving by seeds of the high sowing in-spec grades. In the process of research it was found that the optimal age of the seed fruit of zucchini for the gathering and releasing of seeds (which makes it possible to obtain the best sowing qualities of seed material) was 50–60 days. At this degree of maturity, on 4–6 days of seed sprouting in a thermostat, laboratory seed germination was 100%. To increase the productivity of seed crops, it is possible to carry out the collection of seed fruits at the age of 20 days after flowering and store them for 20–30 days before the seeds will be released. It has been established that the development of certified seeds for fruits taken from plants is faster than for fruits on a plant. To obtain high sowing qualities, the seeds in the fruits on the plant need 50–60 days, while for the seeds obtained by the inventive technology the total required period until optimum sowing qualities are achieved (including being on the plant and subsequent storage) is 40–50 days. On the basis of the conducted research, it was obtained a patent for the invention «Method of conducting seed production of polycarpous varieties of vegetables and cucurbits crops».

Keywords

polycarpous crops, economical efficiency, многоплодность, afterripening, техническая зрелость, экономическая эффективность, seed breeding, biological ripeness, marrow (Cucurbita pepo), sowing features, семеноводство, посевные качества, technical maturity, кабачок (Cucurbita pepo), биологическая зрелость, дозаривание

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    influence
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
bronze