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IET Communications
Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
IET Communications
Article . 2024
Data sources: DOAJ
https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/13...
Other literature type . 2024
Data sources: Datacite
https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/5w...
Other literature type . 2024
Data sources: Datacite
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Error analysis for face coded modulation system

تحليل الخطأ لنظام التضمين المشفر للوجه
Authors: Peter O. Akuon;

Error analysis for face coded modulation system

Abstract

Abstract This paper discusses a new mapping scheme known as face coded modulation (FCM) system. In FCM, peak energy symbols are mapped onto an innermost ring according to the eight sockets in the human face, that is, brain, mouth, nostrils, eyes and ears. For example, FCM is formed when the constellation diagram from M ‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation ( M QAM) system is modified to reduce peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) by relocating the four corner symbols of the M QAM, with peak energy, to the innermost ring in a way that forms the figure of a cross. Unlike APSK, FCM mapping introduces non‐uniform sequence of symbols on the ring, face width factor and multiple modulator circuits that can be used to lower power requirements for high power amplifiers (HPA) as used in M QAM transmission systems. Symbol error rate (SER) for FCM is calculated and the results compared with M QAM and M PSK. It is shown that at equal energy efficiency, FCM scheme has a better response to errors than both M PSK and M QAM and a better energy efficiency due to lowered PAPR than M QAM. Moreover, the simulation results exhibit a tight match for the proposed analytical framework when assessed under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel.

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Keywords

Constellation diagram, TK5101-6720, Beamforming Optimization, Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction Techniques, Bandwidth (computing), Engineering, Additive white Gaussian noise, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Amplitude and phase-shift keying, FOS: Mathematics, Amplifier, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Quadrature amplitude modulation, Modulation (music), error analysis, Topology (electrical circuits), Electronic engineering, Physics, Statistics, AWGN channels, Next Generation 5G Wireless Networks, Acoustics, Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces in Wireless Communications, Computer science, Transmission (telecommunications), QAM, Algorithm, modulation, Filter Bank Modulation, Bit error rate, Channel (broadcasting), Combinatorics, Physical Sciences, Telecommunication, Telecommunications, Energy (signal processing), Decoding methods, Mathematics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Top 10%
Average
Average
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