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Calculation of Physicochemical Conditions of the Formation of Protective Coatings Based on Carbides and Nitrides of Chromium

Authors: Kharchenko, Nadiia Anatoliivna; Dehula, Andrii Ivanovych; Hignjak, V.G.; Hovorun, Tetiana Pavlivna; Smokovych, I.Y.;

Calculation of Physicochemical Conditions of the Formation of Protective Coatings Based on Carbides and Nitrides of Chromium

Abstract

Проведено теоретичні розрахунки фізико-хімічних умов процесу дифузійного насичення вуглецевих сталей азотом, вуглецем та хромом в умовах низького тиску в середовищі хлору. Визначено ймовірний фазовий склад в результаті дифузійного насичення. Встановлено температурний інтервал існування карбідів та нітридів. Визначено основні ймовірні конденсовані та газові фази, що утворюються в результаті насичення вуглецевих сталей вуглецем, азотом та хромом. Проаналізовано, як змінюється кількість конденсованої та газової фаз залежно від зміни температури процесу дифузійного насичення. Теоретично встановлено, що в результаті нанесення захисного покриття основними конденсованими фазами будуть два нітриди хрому CrN, Cr2N та карбід хрому Cr3C2. Встановлено температурний інтервал існування основних зміцнюючих фаз. Проаналізовано системи з вмістом кисню. Відзначається утворення оксидів хрому в газовому стані. Визначено, що на першій та заключній стадіях насичення (початкові та кінцеві температури процесу насичення) основною фазою, що містить хром, є карбід хрому та майже повна відсутність нітриду Cr2N. Температура 1300 К – оптимальна температура, при якій утворюється комплексне покриття нітрид-карбід хрому. Таке поєднання шарів захисного покриття буде мати оптимальні властивості з точки зору захисту від зносу та корозії. Theoretical calculations of physical and chemical conditions of the process of diffusion saturation of carbon steels with nitrogen, carbon and chromium in the conditions of low pressure in the chlorine environment are carried out. The probable phase composition as a result of diffusion saturation is determined. The temperature interval for the existence of carbides and nitrides was established. The main probable condensed and gas phases that are formed as a result of saturation of carbon steels with carbon, nitrogen and chromium are identified. It is analyzed how the number of condensed and gas phases changes depending on the temperature of the diffusion coating process. It is theoretically established that two chromium nitrides CrN and Cr2N and chromium carbide Cr3C2 will be the main condensed phases as a result of deposition of the protective coating. The temperature interval for the existence of the main strengthening phases is established. Systems with oxygen content are analyzed. The formation of chromium oxides in the gas state is noted. It is determined that in the first and final stages of saturation (the initial and final temperatures of the saturation process), the main chromium-containing phase is chromium carbide and the almost complete absence of Cr2N nitride. The temperature of 1300 K is the optimum temperature at which a complex chromium carbide-nitride coating is formed. This combination of protective coating layers will have optimum properties in terms of wear and corrosion protection.

Keywords

газова фаза, carbon steels, diffusion saturation, thermodynamic calculations, coatings, дифузійне насичення, condensed phase, термодинамічні розрахунки, конденсована фаза, вуглецеві сталі, gas phase, покриття

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green