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A tool for IoT Firmware Certification

Authors: Giuseppe Marco Bianco; Luca Ardito; Michele Valsesia;

A tool for IoT Firmware Certification

Abstract

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has created a fragmented ecosystem, with no clear rules for security and reliability. This lack of standardization makes IoT devices vulnerable to attacks. IoT firmware certification can address these security concerns. It empowers consumers to make informed choices by readily identifying secure products. Additionally, it incentivizes developers to prioritize secure coding practices, ultimately promoting transparency and trust within the IoT ecosystem. Several existing IoT device certifications (e.g. Cybersecurity Assurance Program, British Standards Institution, ioXt Alliance) prioritise cybersecurity through risk and vulnerability assessments. This paper proposes a complementary approach. Our tool focuses on identifying firmware functionality by analysing system calls through static analysis. This allows to publicly identify APIs to assess the actual behaviour of a firmware. The analysis culminates in the generation of JSON manifests, which encapsulate the relevant information gathered during the case study. In particular, this analysis verifies whether the actual behaviour is in line with the developer's statements about the device's functionality, contributing to the security and reliability of a device. To evaluate tool's performance, we conducted a benchmarking analysis which has demonstrated efficient handling of binaries written in various languages, even those with large file sizes. Future will be based on refining the API search and syscall collection algorithms, other than incorporating vulnerability analysis to further strengthen the security of an IoT device.

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Keywords

Behaviour; Binary analysis; Certification; Detection;; ELF file; IoT; IoT devices; IoT Firmware; Rust; Static analysis

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    influence
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green