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Исследование влияния реакции меланоидинообразования на содержание аминокислот в модельных пищевых системах

Investigation of the influence of the melanoidin formation reaction on the content of amino acids in model food systems

Исследование влияния реакции меланоидинообразования на содержание аминокислот в модельных пищевых системах

Abstract

Almost all currently used technologies for the food production are related to the melanoidinformation reaction, which has a significant effect on appearance, taste, nutritional value and consumer properties of the foodstuffs. To assess the effect of heat treatment of food products on their nutritional value, food model systems protein hydrolyzate – glucose, hydrolyzate protein – xylose, hydrolyzate protein – fructose (1:5) have been investigated. The influence of the presence of reducing sugars, the temperature and the duration of heating on the content of amino acids and the extinction of solutions of model food systems have been studied. Linear dependences of the decrease in the total amino acid content in model food systems on the duration of the melanoidin formation reaction have been found. The loss of the total amino acid content when heating to 120 °C for 120 min was 23.9%; at the same time the content of essential amino acids reduced by 15.5–24.6%. The addition of xylose intensified the process of destruction of amino acids in the model system by 12.7%, at the same time glucose provoked the destruction of amino acids by only 2.3%. It has been established that amino acids threonine, isoleucine and histidine were unstable to destruction, regardless of the type of added sugar. When white wheat bread was heated, the loss of its nutritional value was established by reducing the content of such essential acids as threonine (by 26.5%), methionine (by 21.2%), lysine (by 13.3%) and valine (by 12,1%). It was noted that at the same temperature with increasing time of the melanoidin formation reaction, the content of amino acids in the system decreased with simultaneous intensification of the staining of the solutions. Extinction of model food systems varied according to the following equations: hydrolyzate–glucose – y = 0.0022x, hydrolyzate–xylose – y = 0.0028x, hydrolyzate– fructose – y = 0.0032x.

Практически все применяемые в настоящее время технологии производства пищевых продуктов в той или иной степени связаны с реакцией меланоидинообразования, которая оказывает существенное влияние на их внешний вид, вкус, пищевую ценность и потребительские свойства. С целью оценки влияния тепловой обработки пищевых продуктов на их пищевую ценность исследованы пищевые модельные системы: гидролизат белка – глюкоза, гидролизат белка – ксилоза, гидролизат белка – фруктоза (1:5). Исследовано влияние присутствия редуцирующих сахаров, температуры и продолжительности нагревания на содержание аминокислот и экстинкцию растворов модельных пищевых систем. Установлены линейные зависимости уменьшения общего содержания аминокислот в модельных пищевых системах от продолжительности протекания реакции меланоидинообразования. Потери общего содержания аминокислот при нагревании до 120 °С в течение 120 мин составляют 23,9%; при этом содержание незаменимых аминокислот снижается на 15,5–24,6%. Добавление ксилозы интенсифицирует процесс разрушения аминокислот в модельной системе на 12,7%, в то время как глюкоза провоцирует разрушение аминокислот всего лишь на 2,3%. Установлено, что такие аминокислоты, как треонин, изолейцин и гистидин, неустойчивы к разрушению независимо от вида добавленного сахара. При нагревании белого пшеничного хлеба установлена потеря его пищевой ценности за счет снижения содержания таких незаменимых кислот, как треонин (на 26,5%), метионин (на 21,2%), лизин (на 13,3%) и валин (на 12,1%). Отмечено, что при одинаковой температуре с увеличением времени протекания реакции меланоидинообразования содержание аминокислот в системе уменьшается при одновременном усилении интенсивности окрашивания растворов. Экстинкция модельных пищевых систем изменялась соответственно следующим уравнениям: гидролизат–глюкоза – y = 0,0022x, гидролизат–ксилоза – у = 0,0028х, гидролизат–фруктоза – у = 0,0032х.

Keywords

nutritional value, amino acids, melanoidin formation reaction, модельные пищевые системы, пищевая ценность, аминокислоты, белок, реакция меланоидинообразования, еxtinction, экстинкция, model food systems, protein

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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