Based on analysis of the fundamental pedagogical, philological, philosophical, psychological works (L. Andreyko, Y. Baklazhenko, A. Kirsanova, O. Kovalenko, Yu. Lavrysh, O. Osova, S. Nikolaeva, Y. Passova, Y. Skarlupina, I. Unt, etc.) found that one of the strategic tasks of postgraduate training is the formation of skills of professionally oriented communication.Proved that the development of new communication tools and the organization of business on a technologicalbasis highlighted the need for direct and indirect foreign language communication of specialists of various professions on the basis of activating the cognitive processes of students. The study found that in the modern system of organizing foreign language teaching for graduate students, the emphasis shifts from learning to translate professionally oriented texts to learning a foreign language as a tool for professionally oriented communication. This is reflected in the content of educational and research programs, which defines communication as the target dominant.Investigation of the nature and specifics of preparation of graduate students for professionally oriented foreign language communication shows that the following ideas are especially valuable: to increase the motivation of students to learn foreign languages; to promote the study of foreign languages throughout life; to carry out correction of educational programs taking into account requirements of the modern labor market and tendencies of development of specialties; use foreign languages in teaching non-linguistic disciplines; to introduce technological innovations in the process of teaching foreign languages; to promote international academic mobility and closer cooperation between both teachers and students; to promote participation in the language development program for international communication in accordance with the specifics of the national education system, etc.