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Фосфолипиды пищи: влияние на липидный обмен и факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний

Dietary phospholipids: lipid metabolism and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases

Фосфолипиды пищи: влияние на липидный обмен и факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний

Abstract

Eggs are a major source of phospholipids (PL) in the Western diet. Dietary PL have emerged as a potential source of bioactive lipids that may have widespread effects on pathways related to inflammation, cholesterol metabolism, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function. Based on pre-clinical studies, egg phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin appeared to regulate cholesterol absorption and inflammation. In clinical studies, egg PL intake is associated with beneficial changes in biomarkers related to HDL reverse cholesterol transport. Recently, egg PC was shown to be a substrate for the generation of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbe-dependent metabolite associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. More researches are warranted to examine potential serum TMAO responses to chronic egg ingestion and in different populations, such as diabetics. In this review, the recent basic science, clinical, and epidemiological findings examining egg PL intake and risk of CVD are summarized.

Яйца птиц являются основным источником фосфолипидов (ФЛ) в современном рационе человека. ФЛ пищи влияют на процессы воспаления, метаболизм холестерина и функции липопротеинов высокой плотности (ЛПВП). В частности, яичный фосфатидилхолин (ФХ) и сфингомиелин регулируют абсорбцию холестерина и ход воспаления. Вероятно, потребление яиц активизирует ЛПВП, участвующие в обратном транспорте холестерина, что также обусловлено действием ФЛ пищи. В то же время установлено, что ФХ является субстратом для образования продукта жизнедеятельности кишечных микроорганизмов триметиламиноксида (ТМАО), связанного с повышенным риском развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Необходимо более глубокое изучение влияния регулярного потребления яичных ФЛ на содержание ТМАО в сыворотке крови у различных групп людей, например, у больных сахарным диабетом. В предлагаемом обзоре приводятся данные о взаимосвязи потребления ФЛ и риском развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний.

Keywords

SPHINGOMYELIN, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, ТРИМЕТИЛАМИНОКСИД, PHOSPHOLIPIDS, TRIMETHYLAMINE N-OXIDE, ФОСФАТИДИЛХОЛИН, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ, PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE, ЯЙЦА, ФОСФОЛИПИДЫ, АТЕРОСКЛЕРОЗ, EGG, HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN, ЛИПОПРОТЕИНЫ ВЫСОКОЙ ПЛОТНОСТИ, СФИНГОМИЕЛИН

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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