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Periodica Polytechnica: Chemical Engineering
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Investigation of Fermentation Regimes for the Production of Low-alcohol and Non-alcohol Beers

Authors: Petelkov, Ivan; Lyubenova, Velislava; Kostov, Georgi; Ivanova, Kristina; Denkova-Kostova, Rositsa; Shopska, Vesela;

Investigation of Fermentation Regimes for the Production of Low-alcohol and Non-alcohol Beers

Abstract

The combination of modified mashing method and arrested fermentation for the production of low-alcohol and non-alcohol beers was studied. Therefore, five regimes for fermentation of wort with reduced fermentable sugar content with top-fermenting yeast strain at low temperatures and pitching rates were investigated. According to the fermentation dynamic results the decrease in the fermentation temperature from 10 °C to 5 °C at pitching rate of 109 Colony Forming Units cm−3 ( CFU cm−3 ) led to significantly reduced concentrations of ethanol and secondary metabolites in beer. The temperature decrease from 10 °C to 7 °C at pitching rate of 107 CFU cm−3 resulted in a decrease in the alcohol concentration and increase in all the secondary metabolite concentrations except for the vicinal diketones concentration. Data show that yeast biomass does not grow at 5 °C and at inoculum concentration of 107 CFU cm−3, which makes fermentation impossible. Fermentation kinetics using Monod's model supplemented with product inhibition was also investigated. Up to 1.7 % of alcohol accumulates in the beer in some of the variants within 7 days. At low fermentation temperatures, yeast biomass utilizes part of the substrate to maintain its vital activity under stress fermentation conditions, which leads to a reduction in the amount of alcohol synthesized. The synthesis and reduction of the secondary metabolites was delayed compared to conventional beer fermentation. The sensory evaluation of the beers produced showed that the most appealing beer was the one produced at 10 °C and pitching rate of 109 CFU cm−3.

Keywords

modelling, low alcohol beer fermentation regimes, limited fermentation, fermentation kinetic

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
gold