A comparative analysis of attitudes of Gagauzes and Ulupamir Kyrgyzes, each acknowledged as constituents of the global Turkish culture, towards premarital sex was carried out in this study. Gagauzes are an autonomous Christian community, while Ulupamir Kyrgyzes are a Muslim community living in exile in territories of a different country. It was stipulated that their different religious affiliations would act as a discriminator with the assumption that both communities have much in common at the level of ethnicity, culture, and tradition. Both communities, on the other hand, are considered as sub-national communities whose identity-building processes are in progress. In identity-building processes, components such as religion, ethnicity, and tradition may be instrumentalized at different levels according to the existing socio-political conditions. The gender regime, which also includes attitudes towards premarital sex, is shaped according to the nature of this instrumental use as well. Therefore, 166 people – 115 women and 51 men – from the Gagauz community and 154 people – 76 women and 78 men – from the Ulupamir Kyrgyz community were met to measure the impact of the ethniciy, religion, and tradition elements on attitudes towards premarital sex associating with factors such as age, gender, income, and education. Findings indicate that, although attitudes of both communities towards premarital sex seem to have a conservative mean, the scores of Gagauzes are significantly higher compared to that of Ulupamir Kyrgyzes. By interpreting the findings, it has been concluded that the influence of the ethnicity and tradition factors are more evident in the attitudes of Gagauzes and the religion factor in the attitudes of Ulupamir Kyrgyzes.