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Avances en Biomedicina
Article . 2012
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Anisakidosis, inflamación e hipersensibilidad

Authors: Guillermo Terán-Ángel; Joselyn Rojas;

Anisakidosis, inflamación e hipersensibilidad

Abstract

La Anisakidosis es una enfermedad producida por parásitos de la familia Anisakidae. La infección parasitaria se adquiere por la ingesta de pescado crudo o insuficientemente cocinado. Se asocia principalmente al consumo de sushi, sashimi y cebiche; y dada la popularidad a nivel mundial de estas preparaciones, la Anisakidosis representa un importante problema de salud pública. El objetivo de esta revisión es definir algunos aspectos parasitológicos, inmunológicos y clínicos relacionados con la infección por parásitos de los géneros Anisakis simplex y Pseudoterranova decipiens agentes causales de la Anisakidosis. A manera de sinopsis puede resaltarse que los síntomas producto de la infección son el resultado de una reacción inflamatoria generada luego de que el parasito se adhiere o penetra en la mucosa del tubo digestivo. El ser humano puede estar expuesto a los antígenos a través de varias fuentes: como productos de excreción/secreción de las larvas vivas o como antígenos somáticos y de la cutícula de los nematodos muertos o desintegrados presentes en los alimentos. La Anisakidosis puede manifestarse con dos cuadros clínicos característicos: digestivos o alérgicos. La penetración en la mucosa produce una marcada respuesta inflamatoria eosinofílica. Las características clínicas suelen ser similares a las de la apendicitis aguda, úlcera gástrica, obstrucción intestinal, e incluso la enfermedad de Crohn. Por otra parte, los antígenos pueden desencadenar respuestas inflamatorias inmediatas. La reacción alérgica es acompañada por un incremento en suero de la IgE total y específica, además de una respuesta predominantemente TH2 Anisakidosis, inflammation and hypersensitivity Anisakidosis is a disease produced by Anisakidae parasite family. The parasitical infection is acquired by the ingestion of raw or deficiently cooked fish. It’s primarily associated with the consumption of sushi, sashimi and cebiche; and given the rising popularity of these dishes worldwide, Anisakidosis represents a growing public health problem. In this review we discuss some parasitological, immunological and clinical aspects related to infection by parasites of the genus Anisakis simplex y Pseudoterranova decipiens, causative agents of Anisakidosis. Synoptically may be highlighted that, symptoms associated with the infection are the result of the local inflammatory reaction when the parasite attaches itself to the intestinal wall. Humans can be exposed to the antigens through several sources: as products of excretion / secretion of live larvae or somatic and cuticle antigens from the dead nematodes or disintegrated in food. Anisakidosis can be presented in two characteristic clinical syndromes: intestinal and allergic. Mucosal penetration induces an eosinophilic inflammation. These clinical manifestations can be mistaken with acute appendicitis, peptic ulcer, intestinal obstruction, and even Crohn´s disease. On the other hand, the antigens can induce an immediate inflammatory reaction, which is associated with specific and total IgE elevation, and a dominant TH2 response.

Keywords

Anisakiosis, Medicine (General), R5-920, Anisakis simplex, hypersensitivity, allergy, Pseudoterranova decipiens

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold