
En este artículo, se evalúa la creación y la utilización del estereotipo que pesó sobre los chiriguanos en la frontera oriental de Tarija en el contexto de la conformación de una nueva sociedad colonial. La documentación oficial de fines del siglo XVI presenta a estos grupos indígenas provenientes de las tierras selváticas del este como una amenaza generadora de tensiones fronterizas. Lo chiriguano condensó epítetos negativos conformando un estereotipo que justificó políticas estatales de defensa y conquista de la frontera oriental surandina. La historiografía del área mantuvo dicha imagen sin mayores cuestionamientos, no obstante la deconstrucción de la categoría revela la existencia de múltiples y complejas relaciones interétnicas antes y después de la invasión española. Este caso revela cómo los españoles definieron la denominación del conjunto porque resultaba funcional dentro de su esquema de pensamiento e intereses aunque espacial y temporalmente el conflicto con los chirguanos fue más amplio.This paper analyzes how the were classified in the eastern border of Tarija within the context of a new colonial society. Southern Andes colonial documents present them as a threat, triggering tensions over the borders. Historiography has maintained this image while refraining from investigating into the reality hidden behind that depiction. The category came to condense a large sum of pejorative names thus creating a stereotype to justify policies of defense and conquest on the southeastern border. Deconstructing the category uncovers multiple, complex interethnic relations beyond such stereotype. This study case reveals how the Spaniards used group categorization because it proved functional to their interests, although the conflict encompassed a broader temporal and spatial frame.
Chiriguano, estereotipo, GN301-674, Latin America. Spanish America, F1201-3799, Tarija, stereotype, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology
Chiriguano, estereotipo, GN301-674, Latin America. Spanish America, F1201-3799, Tarija, stereotype, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology
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