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Aprimoramento da amostragem de grilos de serapilheira (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) por armadilha

Authors: Sperber, Carlos F.; Vieira, Gustavo H.; Mendes, Moisés H.;

Aprimoramento da amostragem de grilos de serapilheira (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) por armadilha

Abstract

Amostram-se grilos de serapilheira com armadilhas enterradas (pitfall). No entanto, algumas espécies são sub-amostradas, por que alguns indivíduos conseguem fugir da armadilha. Neste trabalho sugerimos a substituição da solução aquosa de detergente, por uma solução de formol-glicerina-álcool, para aumentar a eficiência da amostragem. Testamos se: (i) formol reduz a fuga de grilos; (ii) formol é repelente para os grilos. Foram instaladas 80 armadilhas, formando pares formol-detergente e detergente-detergente, com 20 cm entre armadilhas dentro do par, e 3 m entre pares. Foram coletados 105 indivíduos, sendo 29 adultos, de nove espécies, em três grupos taxonômicos: Phalangopsinae, Trigonidiinae e Brachytrupinae. Tanto o número de adultos quanto de ninfas capturados nas armadilhas com detergente não foi afetado pela proximidade de armadilha com formol. Nos pares formol-detergente, o número de adultos em formol foi maior que em detergente, enquanto o número de ninfas não foi diferente. Assim, formol não foi repelente nem para adultos nem para ninfas de grilos. As armadilhas com formol foram mais eficientes, por reterem mais adultos do que as com detergente, devido ao efeito de knock-down. As ninfas não foram afetadas porque sua fuga do detergente já é reduzida, devido a seu tamanho reduzido e menor esclerotização. Tamanho menor implica saltos menores, insuficientes para o escape. Esclerotização menor implica maior permeabilidade, de forma que uma vez que a ninfa cai na armadilha, ela não consegue mais fugir.

Pitfall traps are used to sample litter inhabiting crickets, but some species are underestimated, because captured individuals escape from the trap. Here we suggest the substitution of aqueous detergent killing solution by formol-glicerin-alcohool solution, to increase sampling efficiency. We tested two hypotheses: (i) formol solution reduces the escape of crickets from the traps; (ii) formol solution is repellent. We arranged 80 traps in pairs of traps formol/detergent and detergent/detergent, 20 cm between traps within pairs, and 3 m between pairs. We collected 105 cricket individuals, being 29 adults, from nine species, in three taxonomic groups: Phalangopsinae, Trigonidiinae, and Brachytrupinae. Capture of both adults and nymphs was not affected by proximity of formol solution traps. In formol-detergent pairs, formol traps captured more adult individuals than detergent traps, but the number of nymphs did not differ. Therefore, formol was not repellent neither for adults nor nymphs. Traps with formol were more eficient, because they retained more adults than those with detergent, because of knock-down effect. Nymphs were not affected by the killing solution because their escape frequency is already low, due to their tiny size and reduced sclerotization. Tiny size implies short jumps, insuficient to escape. Reduced sclerotization implies greater permeability, so that once fallen into the trap, nymphs cannot escape any more.

Keywords

ecologia, inventary, Methodology, Metodologia, inventário, armadilha enterrada, ecology, locomotion behavior, comportamento de locomoção

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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