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Doctoral thesis . 2014
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Doctoral thesis . 2014
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Subdivisions of digraphs

Authors: Maia de Oliviera, Ana Karolinna;
Abstract

Dans ce travail, nous considérons le problème suivant : étant donné un graphe orienté D, contient-il une subdivision d’un digraphe fixé F ? Nous pensons qu’il existe une dichotomie entre les instances polynomiales et NP-complètes. Nous donnons plusieurs exemples pour les deux cas. En particulier, sauf pour cinq instances, nous sommes capable de classer tous les digraphes d’ordre 4. Alors que toutes les preuves NP-complétude sont faites par réduction de une version du problème 2-linkage en digraphes, nous utilisons différents outils algorithmiques pour prouver la solvabilité en temps polynomial de certains cas, certains d’entre eux impliquant des algorithmes relativement complexes. Les techniques varient des simples algorithmes de force brute, aux algorithmes basés sur des calculs maximale de flot, et aux décompositions en anses des digraphes fortement connexes, entre autres. Pour terminer, nous traitons le cas particulier où F étant une union disjointe de cycles dirigés. En particulier, nous montrons que les cycles dirigés de longueur au moins 3 possède la Propriété d’Erdos-Pósa : pour tout n, il existe un entier tn tel que pour tout digraphe D, soit D a n cycles dirigés disjoints de longueur au moins 3, soit il y a un ensemble T d’au plus tn sommets qui intersecte tous les cycles dirigés de longueur au moins 3. De ce résultat, nous déduisons que si F est l’union disjointe de cycles dirigés de longueur au plus 3, alors on peut décider en temps polynomial si un digraphe contient une subdivision de F.

In this work, we consider the following problem: Given a directed graph D, does it contain a subdivision of a prescribed digraph F? We believe that there is a dichotomy between NP-complete and polynomial-time solvable instances of this problem. We present many examples of both cases. In particular, except for five instances, we are able to classify all the digraphs F of order 4.While all NP-hardness proofs are made by reduction from some version of the 2-linkage problem in digraphs, we use different algorithmic tools for proving polynomial-time solvability of certain instances, some of them involving relatively complicated algorithms. The techniques vary from easy brute force algorithms, algorithms based on maximum-flow calculations, handle decompositions of strongly connected digraphs, among others. Finally, we treat the very special case of F being the disjoint union of directed cycles. In particular, we show that the directed cycles of length at least 3 have the Erdos-Pósa Property: for every n, there exists an integer tn such that for every digraph D, either D contains n disjoint directed cycles of length at least 3, or there is a set T of tn vertices that meets every directed cycle of length at least 3. From this result, we deduce that if F is the disjoint union of directed cycles of length at most 3, then one can decide in polynomial time if a digraph contains a subdivision of F.

Keywords

[INFO.INFO-OH] Computer Science [cs]/Other [cs.OH], Digraphe, Linkage, Oriented graphs, Digraph, Subdivision, Graphes orientés

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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