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Article . 2025
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One Health – One Welfare : two evolving concepts put into perspective

Authors: Fourichon, Christine; Boivin, Xavier; Mounaix, Béatrice; Beaudeau, Francois; Cano-Sancho, Germán; Dervilly, Gaud; Ariza, Juan Manuel; +1 Authors

One Health – One Welfare : two evolving concepts put into perspective

Abstract

Les concepts One Health et One Welfare sont fréquemment utilisés pour étiqueter diverses initiatives politiques et scientifiques, mais comment ont-ils émergé ? Dès la fin des années 1980, il apparaît que la protection de la santé de l’homme vis-à-vis des risques infectieux et chimiques, passe par celle de l’animal et de leurs interactions avec l’environnement. Le concept One Health reconnaît cette interdépendance et préconise une approche collaborative et interdisciplinaire pour relever les défis de santé liés aux changements globaux. C’est sur cette similitude d’interactions entre les compartiments humain, animal et environnemental et de besoin de réflexion interdisciplinaire que s’est développé le concept de One Welfare. Ce mouvement cherche à englober différents enjeux sociétaux de préservation de l’environnement et de la biodiversité, de durabilité de l’activité d’élevage, et de bien-être animal et humain pour améliorer la condition humaine et animale à l’échelle internationale. Cet article illustre ces deux concepts par des exemples impliquant les ruminants dans des systèmes d’élevage de pays développés. Dans une dernière partie, une réflexion est menée pour analyser les interactions complexes qui naissent lorsque l’on souhaite améliorer l’un ou l’autre de façon séparée. Si les deux concepts ont des ambitions communes, les approches déployées jusqu’à présent pour les rendre opérationnels sont distinctes. Les développements s’intéressent notamment à des échelles d’actions différentes, alors que des questions montrant leur étroite imbrication se posent.

The concepts One Health and One Welfare are frequently used to label various political and scientific initiatives, but how did they emerge? By the end of the 1980s, it was clear that protecting human health from infectious and chemical risks involved protecting the health of animals and their interactions with the environment. The One Health concept recognizes this interdependence and advocates a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach to meeting the health challenges posed by global change. The One Welfare concept has developed similarly to consider interactions between the human, animal and environmental compartments and the need for interdisciplinary thinking. It seeks to encompass the various societal challenges for the preservation of the environment and biodiversity, the sustainability of livestock farming, and animal and human welfare in order to improve the human and animal conditions on an international scale. This article illustrates these two concepts using examples involving ruminants in livestock production systems in developed countries. The final section looks at the complex interactions that arise when we seek to improve one or the other separately. While the two concepts share common ambitions, the approaches deployed to date to make them operational are distinct. In particular, developments have focused on different scales of action, while questions have arisen as to how closely they are intertwined

Country
France
Keywords

[SDE] Environmental Sciences, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]

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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green