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Способи непрямої номінації релігійних понять в українській мові

Authors: Ковтун, Альбiна Анатоліївна;

Способи непрямої номінації релігійних понять в українській мові

Abstract

The paper is devoted to the study of effective ways of the secondary naming of non-religious notions by means of religious lexemes in Ukrainian artistic and journalistic speech. It was established that metaphoric mode prevails over metonymic and hyperonymic derivations. The metaphoric mode that develops most actively is functional similarity transfer: мантра (mantra) “ironic – an unjustified repetition of a statement” (the sacred mantra of all political forces); хрестоносець (crusader) “ironic – a liberator (the European coalition of crusaders); іконостас (iconostasis) “ironic a wall on which pictures of dignified persons are placed (gazing at the iconostasis near the Minister’s outer office); причащати (to administer communion) “ironic – to hit with a stick, to flog” (to administer communion by hitting one’s back with a stick); біблійний (biblical) elderly (a portrait of biblical-age Scovoroda). Significant activity was observed in the speech implementations of physiological and psychological impressions on the object: a) the transfer from the specific areas of the physical world to the spheres of psychological and social life, unreachable by direct sensory perception (Бог (God) „the greatest strength“ (the God Newton believed in was gravity), „an ideal“ (to Gennady, God was Ukraine), „a worldview“ (for Scovoroda the Bible, that is, its internal allegorical world, is God)) and b) the transfer of a religious designation associative feature, which is of a somewhat accessory nature, often even inexpressive, together with a near-total de-actualization of the cognitive base of the original meaning (проповідницький (preachy) „ironic – opinionated, obtrusive“ (preachy peremptoriness)). Thereby, the realization of the axiological function plays a special role in all metaphorical derivatives: positive semantic features are most frequently transferred from the real physical world to the spheres, inaccessible to direct sensory perception, thus creating a sense of solemnity and elation, while the transfer of pejorative associations is used as a means of exhibiting irony. Since spoken Ukrainian, which more fully reflects the current state of language as compared to dictionaries, demonstrates an increase in secondary nominations formed by the transfer of positive characteristics (especially by attracting specific religious lexemes to create a sense of solemnity and elation), a certain purification of the semantics of some religious lexemes from the negative twentieth- century extraneous features may be assumed. Active metaphorization of religious lexicon is indicative of the high development of modern Ukrainian, and lexicographers must succeed in fixing it because, as it is well known, the development and richness of a language can be assessed only according to its dictionaries.

У статті досліджено ефективні способи непрямої номінації поза ре лі гій них явищ словами, прямі значення яких в українському мовленні стосуються релігійної сфери; зокрема, зосереджено ува- гу на метафоризації. Указано, що кількісно переважає фукційна подібність, на основі якої форму мовної одиниці, що первинно називає релігійний об’єкт, використовують для називання об’єк- та нерелігійного. Помітну активність має також перенесення від сфери конкретно-фізичного світу до недоступних для безпосеред- нього чуттєвого сприйняття сфер психологічного та соціального життя. Саме воно частіше пов’язане з актуалізацією позитивної оцінки, досягненням колориту п і д н е с е н о с т і й у р о ч и с то - с т і, а подібність функцій та невиразних асоціативних ознак зде- більшого використовують для і р о н і з а ц і ї. За спостереженнями автора, в українському мовленні, порівняно із зафіксованими зна- ченнями у словниках, більше непрямих номінацій, забарвлених позитивно.

Научни скупови / Српска академија наука и уметности ; књ. 157. Одељење језика и књижевности ; књ. 28

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Keywords

derivative- hyponym, axiology, метафоризація, аксіологія, непряма номінація, religious lexicon, derivative- metonym, метонімізація, indirect nomination, metaphor, релігійна лексика

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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