Energy production is rapidly becoming an area urgently needing the help of Nanosciences. The transition from the obsolete model based on fossil fuels to a sustainable one will need the input from science in each of the areas of this multifaceted challenge, from energy production, to storage and consumption. This article gives a brief overview of the many pending scientifi c revolutions that will make sustainable technologies possible, not only more effi cient and environmentally-friendly than the old ones, but also cheaper. Fundamental science, new discoveries, processes and materials will also be required. Many pending scientifi c revolutions will make this urgent new re-evolution in technological energy possible.

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