csv files containing locations of early Buddhist rock-cut monasteries in the Western Ghats and Konkan coast regions of India. Only the caves cut between second century BCE and the early fifth century CE are included: from the earliest period of cutting up until just prior to the introduction of the Buddha image. Data included are the long/lat, height in meters, name and group of monasteries so the file is suitable for importing into a GIS. A second csv file contains locations of the Early Historic settlements located close to the rock-cut monasteries. The settlements are located on the Deccan plateau, the eastern edge of the Western Ghats and the Konkan coast. Data included are long/lat, height in meters, name and region of the settlement so the file is suitable for importing into a GIS