The acetogenic naphthoquinones, plumbagin (P in this paper) and ramentaceone (= 7-methyl- juglone, M in this paper), are important chemotaxonomic markers in sundews (Drosera L.) (D rand & Zenk 1974; Culham & Gornall 1994; Schlauer & Fleischmann 2016; Schlauer et al. 2017; 2018). Most of the previous phytochemical data relate to the chemotaxonomy of the genus in Australia, where several endemic lineages have evolved into the bulk of the species diversity. In this study several taxa presumed to occupy crucial branching points in the phylogenetic backbone of the genus (Rivadavia et al. 2003; Fleischmann et al. 2018a) have been investigated together with taxonomically established representatives of the sections that account for the diversity of the genus outside Australia. The geographical distribution of these taxa is conspicuously Gondwanan (Brewer & Schlauer 2018), reminiscent of the former (pre-Cretaceous) coherence of South America, Africa (incl. Madagascar), Australia, and New Zealand.