α β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds are organic compounds with the general structure (O=CR)−Cα=Cβ-R. Such compounds include enones and enals. In these compounds the carbonyl group is conjugated with an alkene (hence the adjective unsaturated). Unlike the case for carbonyls without a flanking alkene group, α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds are susceptible to attack by nucleophiles at the β-carbon. This pattern of reactivity is called vinylogous. Examples of unsaturated carbonyls are acrolein (propenal), mesityl oxide, acrylic acid, and maleic acid. Unsaturated carbonyls can be prepared in the laboratory in an aldol reaction and in the Perkin reaction and claisen condensation.Β -keto esters are abundant in edible plants and consider for a precursor for flavonoids and iso-flavonoids of life cycle of a human being, Which is fully contaminated and polluted. It is evident that people are prone to be various kinds of diseases, hence it is forced that researchers and scientists for the Synthesis of novel drugs.The claisen reaction refers to an organic coupling reaction that results in the formation of a carbon-carbon bond either between two esters or between a single ester and one carbonyl compound. Beta ketoesters are having various pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimalarial, antifungal, antiHIV, Anti diuretic, anti-cancer, antitubercular, etc Keywords: α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds,antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimalarial, antifungal.