Dataset related to the manuscript “Block-grain phase transition in rock avalanches: insights from large-scale experiments”, submitted to the Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. The dataset provides the raw and processed data for the large-scale experiments of block-grain phase transition due to fragmentation, including parameters reflecting the dynamics, fragmentation, deposit. S1_data_velocity provides the average velocity at the front, middle and tail of the moving mass determined by the laser ranging sensors under different experimental configurations. S2_data_fragmentation provides the fragment size distribution and relative breakage ratio. S3_data_deposit provides the parameters of deposit, including the runout distances, friction coefficients. S4_data_seismic provides the parameters used to characterize the seismic signal excited by the moving mass, including the envelope curve, marginal spectrum and seismic energy.