SDDS is a medicine delivery strategy that attempts to increase dosage in specific body areas while increasing therapeutic efficacy and decreasing adverse effects. It addresses issues such as pharmaceutical solubility constraints, degradation, quick clearance rates, non-specific toxicity, and biological barriers. Smart drug delivery methods include nanoparticles, liposomes, vesicles, implants, polymer-based systems, PH-responsive systems, nanoplatforms, and tailored systems. Nanoparticles contain organic and inorganic features, whereas liposomes are used in cancer therapy, anti-inflammatory therapy, antifungal therapy, and gene therapy. Despite the fact that implantable biomaterials have transformed bone and dentition restoration, surgical methods continue to fail as a result of aseptic loosening and bacterial infections. SDDS aims to minimize adverse effects by regulating active molecule release in response to environmental cues. Recent research has concentrated on the creation of redox-responsive systems, enzyme-cleavable systems, electro-sensitive systems, and dual stimuli-responsive systems. SDDS provides several benefits, including focused therapy, higher bioavailability, fewer adverse effects, controlled releases, and individualized medication. However, concerns with stimulation, biological barriers, size and molecular weight, and toxicity exist. Personalized medication, nanoformulations, implanted devices, biological sensors, gene therapy, responsive administration, biosensors for feedback control, and 3D printing are examples of future methods.