This data set describes the temporal and spatial distribution of runoff and evapotranspiration for the headwater of seven river basins in the Tibetan Plateau under SSP245 and SSP585 scenarios. We utilized an LSTM-grid model trained with inputs from an observation-constrained distributed cryosphere-hydrology model (WEB-DHM), along with meteorological data from ISIMIP3b (GFDL-ESM4, IPSL-CM6A-LR, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MRI-ESM2-0, and UKESM1-0-LL) and glacier mass balance data (NSIDC) to generate the runoff and evapotranspiration data. The time range is 2018-2100 at a monthly scale, the spatial resolution is 0.25-degree, and the unit is mm/month. The data will provide better data support for the study of the major river in the Tibetan Plateau. For the convenience of users, this data is stored in NC (NetCDF) format, with each combination of different variables (runoff, evapotranspiration) and climate scenarios (SSP245 and SSP585) forming a separate file. The file names are in the format of “runoff(evapotranspiration)_SSP245(SSP585)_2018-2100.nc”, where “2018-2100” represents the years covered by the data. Each file contains three coordinates: lon (longitude), lat (latitude), and time, as well as a data variable (either runoff or evapotranspiration). These files can be opened with Python, MATLAB, and other tools.