Summary. The sanitary system in interwar Bessarabia is based on two organic laws: the „Cantacuzino Law” promulgated in 1910 and the Sanitary and Protection Law, promulgated by royal decree no. 2515/1930. After the establishment of the Great Union, during 1919, three laws were adopted especially for Bessarabia: the Law on the provisional sanitary organization of Bessarabia, the Law on the transfer of the sanitary service of Bessarabia to the Inspectorate and the Law on the appointment of doctors. The main objective of all actions undertaken by the authorities was focused on identifying solutions to combat epidemiological diseases. The norms stipulated in the text of the „Cantacuzino Law” are mainly for the regulation and assurance of preventive medicine, the state of the medical doctor and the corps of auxiliary doctors. Health policies derived from the norms of the 1930 law, promote and support social medicine. Various actions are undertaken to disseminate health ethics aimed at the general public. In 1938, including in Bessarabia, it was decided to write the Sanitary Monographs, a component of the sanitary campaign organized by the Ministry of Health and Social Works.