Data Description Here we provide a global 3-hourly CO2 flux dataset at 2° latitude × 2.5° longitude spatial resolution for the period 2015.1.1-2022.12.31. The dataset is generated using the GONGGA (Global ObservatioN-based system for monitoring Greenhouse GAses) inversion system by assimilating OCO-2 (Observing Carbon Observatory 2) v11r column CO2 retrievals. We have scaled the OCO-2 retrievals to WMO X2019 standard. The dataset contains fluxes from biosphere (Net Ecosystem Exchange, NEE) (both prior and posterior), ocean (both prior and posterior), biomass burning emissions and fossil fuel emissions, as well as prior and posterior gridded uncertainties for NEE and ocean flux. We also provide the posterior model simulated value corresponding to all measurements contained in the lastest release of NOAA’s ObsPack database (obspack_co2_1_GLOBALVIEWplus_v8.0_2022-08-27 and obspack_co2_1_NRT_v8.1_2023-02-08). Change from v2022 Assimilation of OCO-2 v11r retrievals Update of prior fluxes Data version specification v202x.ori refers to original GONGGA flux data with 3-hourly time resolution and 2° latitude × 2.5° longitude spatial resolution, v202x refers to GONGGA flux data resampled to monthly time resolution and 1° latitude × 1° longitude spatial resolution for facilitating comparisons with other GCP inversion results. Article citation Jin, Z., Wang, T., Zhang, H., Wang, Y., Ding, J., Tian, X., Constraint of satellite CO2 retrieval on the global carbon cycle from a Chinese atmospheric inversion system. Science China Earth Sciences, 2023, 66: 609-618, doi: 10.1007/s11430-022-1036-7. Jin, Z., Tian, X., Wang, Y., Zhang, H., Zhao, M., Wang, T., Ding, J., and Piao, S.: A global surface CO2 flux dataset (2015–2022) inferred from OCO-2 retrievals using the GONGGA inversion system, Earth System Science Data, 2024, 16: 2857-2876, doi: 10.5194/essd-16-2857-2024.