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Estudo Comparado Da Secreção Em Órgãos Deiscentes De Três Espécies De Ruptitermes (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)

Authors: Costa-Leonardo, Ana Maria; Janei, Vanelize; Silva, Iago Bueno;

Estudo Comparado Da Secreção Em Órgãos Deiscentes De Três Espécies De Ruptitermes (Isoptera, Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)

Abstract

Durante a evolução dos Isoptera, os Apicotermitinae Neotropicais perderam a casta de soldados. O gênero \textit{Ruptitermes}, incluso em Apicotermitinae, possui operários que forrageiam à noite na serrapilheira. Como defesa, estes operários suicidas possuem dois órgãos defensivos característicos e rompem a parede do corpo eliminando um líquido que se torna viscoso rapidamente. Análises prévias mostraram que estes órgãos deiscentes não são glândulas, mas podem ser originados do corpo gorduroso e têm proteínas na secreção. Com o objetivo de entender esta secreção em diferentes espécies de \textit{Ruptitermes}, neste estudo foram comparados os órgãos deiscentes de \textit{Ruptitermes xanthochiton}, \textit{Ruptitermes reconditus} e \textit{Ruptitermes pitan}, sob microscopia eletrônica de varredura (fixação Karnovsky), histologia e histoquímica para proteínas (xylidine Ponceau) e polissacarídeos (ácido periódico de Schiff - PAS). Adicionalmente, foram realizadas secções semifinas de órgãos fixados em glutaraldeído 2,5% e incluídos em Epon. Os órgãos deiscentes são estruturas esféricas envolvidas por membrana conjuntiva, constituídas por agrupamentos celulares que se separam facilmente e possuem um ou dois núcleos periféricos. Em \textit{R. xanthochiton} e \textit{R. reconditus}, o citoplasma celular delimita um vacúolo no qual as vesículas secretoras de diferentes tamanhos se acumulam. Em \textit{R. pitan}, as células constituem pacotes mais homogêneos que podem envolver uma secreção não proteica (xylidine Ponceau negativo). A reação do PAS foi positiva nos órgãos deiscentes das três espécies, mostrando um componente polissacarídeo na secreção. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura evidenciou similaridade nas vesículas secretoras presentes em \textit{R. xanthochiton} e \textit{R. reconditus}, as quais estavam ausentes em \textit{R. pitan}, que apresentou componentes homogêneos compactados.

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Keywords

Histoquímica, Defesa, Microscopia eletrônica, Cupins

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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