This dataset is linked to the analysis of different aspects related to the conservation of the Sierra Nevada National Park through advanced digital systems. The devices have been deployed along the road that passes through the municipalities of Pampaneira, Bubión and Capileira, in the Alpujarra region of Granada. Data is collected by 4 devices equipped with vehicle detection sensors. These devices are Hikvision LPR IP cameras with Automatic number-plate recognition (ANPR) based on Deep Learning. The devices have a 2MP resolution, 2.8-12 mm varifocal optics, and IR LEDs with a range of 50 m. To cover the entrances and exits of each village in the target area, we strategically positioned the cameras. The locations are entrance to Pampaneira from the western part of the Alpujarra (PAM1), entrance to Pampaneira from the eastern part of the Alpujarra (PAM2), entrance to Bubión via a single road (BUB), and entrance to Capileira via a single road (CAP). The attached data in the CSV files DATA_VEHICLES_2022 and DATA_VEHICLES_2023 contain information about vehicle passages in the years 2022 (from February to December) and 2023 (from January to August) for each installed camera. It includes anonymized license plate information based on an identifier to facilitate cross-referencing and in-depth analysis. The collected variables include: camera_ID: License Plate Recognition (LPR) camera identifier. date: Timestamp indicating the date and time of the vehicle passage through the camera. num_plate_id: Anonymized license plate identifier. A value of -1 indicates that the vehicle was not correctly identified by the camera. direction: Binary value (IN/OUT) indicating whether the vehicle is entering or exiting the municipality referenced by the camera.

The research is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Agencia Estatal de Investigacion) under grant number PID2019-109644RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and also by the project "Thematic Center on Mountain Ecosystem \& Remote sensing, Deep learning-AI e-Services University of Granada-Sierra Nevada'' (LifeWatch-2019-10-UGR-01), which has been co-funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation through the FEDER funds from the Spanish Pluriregional Operational Program 2014-2020 (POPE), LifeWatch-ERIC action line. The project has also been co-financed by the Provincial Council of Granada.